Biology 2217B Study Guide - Apiaceae, Celery, Asteraceae
30 Jan 2014
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Lab 5 herbs, spices, and essential oils. Understand 3 important terms and how they differ: essential oil, herb, and spice. Understand the process of essential oil extraction from plants: **steam distillation** Know the structure of oil glands and glandular trichomes. Recognize the spices on display: part familiesused, origin, location produced now. Secondary metabolite (means something not required for survival: e. g. Atp = primary and necessary for survival; so if not enough atp, may stop producing essential oils: gums = secondary metabolite from paranchyma. Found in specialized cells, glands and vessels (amongst others ) Uses: perfumes, flavouring, pest deterrent, aromatherapy: perfume: frankenscence, flavouring: orange, pest deterrent, aromatherapy: lavendar. Extract volatile component in hot water the essential oil will not break down in hot oil. Plant material is crushed to release the oil. Example: rose oil, bergamot oil (from oranges in earl grey: steam distillation. Plant material sits on grid on top of hot water steam passes through plant material.
