PHI 2183 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Consequentialism, Loopback, Jeremy Bentham
3 Mar 2014
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Incommensurability of values: the good we are trying to derive from our actions are not all on 1 scale. Intuitive can we really compare pleasures: not able to gain 1 pleasure against another. 2- adaptive preferences: utilitarianism is a preference based theory. What if our preferences change: causes problems. 4- justice: utilitarianism is blind to distribution. If a community sacrifices 1 person to benefit the others: fairness seems to imply that everyone is equal, but utilitarianism doesn"t care about equal individuals, just the happiness of the majority. 5- over-demandingness: when is it ok to stop giving to the greatest good, always have to be helping others, give up all personal things in order to serve the greater good. It is better to be socrates dissatisfied, than to be a pig satisfied. The life of hayden vs. an oyster (lower pleasure but longer life span) multiple lower pleasure by a number of years and reach a high pleasure.
