HIST 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Spinning Jenny, Water Frame, Thomas Robert Malthus
28 Mar 2014
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[1] why did industrialization happen first in britain: the term industrial revolution was first coined in the 1820"s and was not planned, britain was economically dominant both internationally and domestically. They could ship easily and cheaply (because over seas: good agriculture with up to date farmers by 1750 agriculturally self sufficient. Peasants were paid in wages due to enclosures (closing off privately held land/no more lordships) Peasants could provide the available labour source: had a centralized bank and credit system, had a stable government that did not interfere in free market economy, rapid growth (head start on europe of 60 yrs) The chronology: began in textiles (mostly cotton) Mechanized looms, spinning jennies, water frames invented: emergence of coal, iron and steam. Coal used to power engines that are used to extract coal. Steam machines further mechanize cotton and iron industries. Iron was formerly rare and made england extremely rich: railroad. Railroad emerges to transport to factories and towns.
