ANTH 1120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Phonetics, Complementary Distribution, Contrastive Distribution
1 Jun 2014
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The levels of language: texts (studied in discourse analysis, sentences (studied in syntax, words (studied in morphology, phonemes (studied in phonology, phones (studied in phonetics) Text: (1) any meaningful item or items perceived as a unit (2) a meaningful item or items understood as not forming part of a larger item. To be or not to be a text. Context what"s outside the actual text but is relevant to it. Linguists describe how people speak; they do not prescribe how to talk. If a normal native speaker says it in normal circumstances, then it is grammatical. Morpheme: smallest unit of language that carries meaning. They are not sounds but classes of sounds. The phoneme /p/ has two allophones in most english dialects aspirated ph and unaspirated p: ph occurs at the beginning of stressed syllables pat, pin, repeat (position 1) tap, spin, therapy p= occurs everywhere else (position 2)
