BIOL308 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Prokaryote, Eukaryote, Microtubule
16 Jul 2014
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Document Summary
Acetylation of lysine/phosphorylation of serine reduces overall positive charge of protein. Histone proteins, especially the tails, are positively charged. Acetylation and deacetylation of histone tails - enzymes histone acetylases and deacetylases. Dna becomes more detached when the histone tails become less positive, this process is necessary for initiation of transcription (gene expression) Dnase will not degrade dna in a cell, this is just from an experimental point of view. Note: prokaryote chromosome is technically not a chromosome, not histone proteins. Each type of eukaryote has a species specific number of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell. Homologous chromosomes - same genes in same order on a chromosome, but contain different alleles. Chromosome 21 is actually smallest chromosome, not 22. Prokaryote and 1-cell eukaryote: cell division is necessary for reproduction. Broken bones, muscle tears, renewed skin cells, broken blood vessels. Go through specialized cell division to produce sex cells = gametes.
