Biology 1001A Final: Exam Review by lecture for Mac-Shack half of course

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emeraldgiraffe24

16 Jan 2012

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Central dogma of biochemistry: dna -> mrna -> protein. Uses reverse transcriptase (error prone, no checking mechanisms) Very high mutation rates million times greater than typical human dna mutations. Infects and hijacks immune cells with virions, whose dna is replicated with host machinery. As viral load (hiv rna copies) increases ~10 years the immune system helper t-cells decrease in concentration. Blocks reverse transcriptase as a thiamine mimic that does not function in transciption (n_3 instead of oh group) Mutations soon lead to virus with azt resistance (can work with n_3 group) Whole population of hiv now more resistant to azt. Alternatives to azt nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, protease inhibitors. Delta-32 allele deletion in scandanavia (bubonic plague?) confers resistance to hiv. 1 delection some resistance; 2 deletions almost total resistance. Not cellular, can"t reproduce with its own machinery. Viral vaccines prep immune cells to recognize epitopes (viral coat proteins) ahead of time.

Related Questions

Question 1 10 pts Which class of anti AIDS drugs is used to prevent the virus from integrating into the host genome so that it can live indeï¬nitely in a dormant state inside the host.

Question 2 10 pts Which class of drug interferes with the maturation of the virus by preventing a long nonfunctional polypeptide from being cut into three separate functional proteins?

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Protease inhibitor
Integrase inhibitor
Fusion inhibitor
CCR5 inhibitor
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Protease inhibitor
Integrase inhibitor
Fusion inhibitor

Question 3 10 pts What is the major limitation in the use of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ( NRTIs) for AIDS treatment?

Question 4 10 pts What is the approximate annual cost of triple combination therapy for HIV infection

Question 5 10 pts Read the article in the Module 8 Learning Materials entitled New hope for babies with HIV:
http://www.cnn.com/2017/07/24/health/hiv-remission-southafrican-boy/index.html
Discuss the the study. Answer the following questions in your discussion:

CCR5 inhibitor
$2,000
$5,000
$15,000
$25,000
1. Describe the study and the results.
2. Give your personal opinion about this strategy for short-term treatment.
3. Do you think this might be a promising treatment for babies in third world countries, since lifelong treatment with triple combination therapies can be too expensive?

Is it possible to use a biologically active TelemoreaseElongation Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) in the place of the ReverseTranscriptase (RT) for quantitative Reverse Transcriptase pcr(qRT-pcr)? Yes I do know that it would seemingly have noadvantages. What kind of reverse transcriptase is used in qRT-pcris there a standard like taq dna pol is used for qpcr?

1. Which of the following are characteristics of theWatson-Crick

DNA double helix? (there are more than one answer)

a. The two polynucleotide chains are coiled about a common

axis.

b. Hydrogen bonds between A and C and between G and T hold

the two chains together.

c. The purines and pyrimidines are on the inside of the

helix and the phosphodiester backbones are on the

outside.

d. Base composition analyses of DNA duplexes isolated from

many organisms have shown that the amounts of A and T are

equal as are the amounts of G and C.

e. The sequence in one strand of the helix varies

independently of that in the order strand.

2. Which of the following statements about reversetranscriptase

are correct (there are more than one answer,5 points)

a. Reverse transcriptase uses DNA as a template tosynthesize

DNA.

b. Reverse transcriptase uses RNA as a template tosynthesize

RNA.

c. Reverse transcriptase uses DNA as a template tosynthesize

RNA.

d. Reverse transcriptase is found in the virions of all RNA

tumor viruses.

e. Reverse transcriptase hydrolyzes RNA in DNA-RNA hybrid

duplexes.

3. Several dozen oncogenes are known to code for receptortyrosine

kinases. Many of these oncogenes produce mutant receptors,

whose tyrosine kinase activity is permenantly activated,this

is called,(5 points)

a. Autophosphorylation

b. Constitutively active

c. Growth factor dependency

d. a,b,c

e. None of the above

amethysttiger979

Biology 1001A Final: Exam Review by lecture for Mac-Shack half of course

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