BIOA01H3 Chapter 1: Chapter 1 Notes (Fall2010)

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17 Feb 2012

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Biology: the scientific study of living things. Biological science was founded with the development of the cell theory and the theory of. Living things: all the organisms descended from a single-celled ancestor evolution by natural selection. Unicellular organisms: a single cell carries out all the functions of life. Evolution: living systems evolve through differential survival and reproduction. Humans select for desired traits when breeding animals. Darwin postulated that natural selection could occur through differential survival and reproductive success. Charles darwin and alfred wallace proposed that all living organisms come from a common ancestor. Traits that increase the probability of survival and reproduction will become more common in the population. Conditions for natural selection: individuals in the population must vary in heritable characteristics and certain versions of these heritable lead to better survival or reproduction. If certain heritable traits lead to increased success in reproduction then these traits will become more common in the population over time.

Related Questions

6. What biological molecule was used to infer that prokaryotic organisms should be split into two domains ?

7. Is Archaea more closely related genetically to Bacteria or Eukarya?

8a. Based on our current understanding of evolution relationships, did multicellularity orginate once or more than once?

8b. What evidence supports your claim? 9. What unicellular organism is most closely related to animals?

graycaribou17

Please match the branch of biology with the correct definition.

A. immunology

B. physiology

C. genetics

D. toxicology

E. genomics

F. microbiology

G. anatomy

H. endocrinology

1. _________ is the study of glands that secrete hormones into the circulatory system and their diseases.

2. _________ is the study of the structure and functions of the immune system in health and disease states.

_________ is the branch of biology that studies the structure of organisms, including their systems, organs, and tissues.

4. _________is the study of genes and their roles in inheritance.

5. _________ is the study of the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

6. _________is the study of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

7. _________ is the study of the entire set of genes and genetic information of an organism, including interactions of those genes with each other & the environment.

8. _________is the study of the interaction between chemicals and living organisms.

limetermite964

1.All living organisms alive today are assumed to have evolved from some one-celled ancestor that lived about four billion years ago and has been called the Last Universal Common Ancestor or LUCA. LUCA has been extinct for a long time but evolutionary biologists have hypothesized as to what it was like. Given the characteristics of modern prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, what cellular characteristics would you suggest that LUCA had? What type of cellular respiration might LUCA have used? Why?

2. Why is water so essential for biological life? Provide examples as to how water is used in living systems.

BIOA01H3 Chapter 1: Chapter 1 Notes (Fall2010)

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