WGS160Y1 Lecture : WSG272 Lecture #7

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brownbeetle36

10 Mar 2012

School

UTSG

Department

Women and Gender Studies

Course

WGS160Y1

Professor

Dina Georgis

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Document Summary

Think about race, gender, identity and how they intersect. Main argument: women who wish for masculinity may put on a mask of womanliness to avert anxiety and retribution from men. Rivere was witnessing the changing roles of women and the anxieties it produced in them. Rivere noticed the prevalence of anxiety in heterosexual women, but homosexual women also displayed a degree of anxiety. In 1929, to have a job is something that man only had hence woman were regarded with masculinity. Women put on or accentuate a coquettish, flirty, performance as veil. Riviere draws no line between genuine womanliness and the masquerade. To become a woman, you have to refuse or undermine masculine characteristics (confidence, authority, rationality, and masculine interests e. g building, sports) Who is more womanliness in passing irene or clare: clare, she"s seem as the doll, both woman are womanly, but it just depends on how they perform this. Masculinity must be castrated to produce womanliness.

Related Questions

1) Castrated male rats can have their mating behaviors restored by:
A) injections of estrogen into the hypothalamus.
B) injections of testosterone into the hypothalamus.
C) injections of testosterone into the hippocampus.
D) both A and B.
E) none of the above.

2) Research examining the biological differences between homosexual and heterosexual men and women have shown that:
A) homosexual and heterosexual males have no differences in brain structure.
B) homosexuals have a higher probability of having a homosexual sibling than do heterosexuals.
C) the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus is larger in homosexual men than in heterosexual men.
D) homosexuality in families follows paternal lines.
E) homosexuality is only related to societal and cultural influences.

3) Which of the following are most likely to show preferences for masculine toys?
A) women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
B) female vervet monkeys.
C) men with Turnerâs syndrome.
D) men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
E) women with Turner's syndrome.

4) The capacity of some human couples to pair bond may reflect the activity of
A) oxytocin and dopamine.
B) glutamate and glycine.
C) dopamine and vasopressin.
D) vasopressin and oxytocin.
E) acetylcholine and norepinephrine.

5) Which of the following would be expected in a rat after stimulating central nucleus of the amygdala?
A) behavioral signs of fear
B) reduced secretion of gastric acids into the stomach
C) the rat would be more tame when handled by humans
D) lower levels of stress hormones in the blood
E) euphoria and sedation

6) Cannon disagreed with William Jamesâs theory of emotion because:
A) emotion can be felt before the sympathetic stress response is initiated.
B) emotion is not dependent upon the cortex as suggested by sham rage.
C) many emotions elicit the same bodily responses.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.

violetpanda771

1- Different forms of spectator violence have different causes and dynamics. Identify these differences as you describe and make distinctions between panics, celebratory riots, and frustration riots.

2- The use of intimidation as a strategy is now common in certain sports. Explain why this has occurred and provide examples to show how athletes use intimidation as a strategy. Also explain what can be done to control the use of this strategy

3- What is the argument used by the author when he says that there is a need for alternative definitions of masculinity and femininity? How would alternative definitions benefit men and women? Give examples from the text and from your experience. Who would be most likely to resist changes in the way gender has traditionally been defined in society?

4- Before the passage of Title IX in 1971, most female athletes were seen as invaders of male territory, and they were marginalized and not taken seriously. That doesn't occur today except in sports that are lined with manhood and masculinity. Identify three sports in which female athletes continue to be marginalized and not taken seriously. What do these sports have in common, and how long will it be before women are acknowledged as serious participants in them?

5- Transgender and intersex persons provide a direct challenge to the gender segregation that pervades sports. Explain how they are forcing sport organizations to qualify or change their policies related to gender and gender segregation, and identify the changes that you think will be most helpful in achieving full gender inclusion in sports.

bronzegoose828

On the Edge: A Traditional Business section on page 23 of the Velasquez textbook

In over 28 countries, mostly north African nations, female circumcisionâor female genital mutilation, as its critics call itâis generally accepted.58 Female circumcision is normally per- formed when a girl is between 7 and 12 years old. It involves cutting the girlâs external genitalia. In most countries, the pro- cedure is done by a female âpractitionerâ who uses a small knife or razor blade but no anesthesia. A young girl will often resist, so several women must hold her down while the practi- tioner works. The women who perform circumcisions charge for their services and see their work as a business. It is esti- mated that in countries where the practice is widely accepted, the annual fees collected by all the businesses that provide circumcision services total tens of millions of dollars.
Mothers in these countries feel they must have their daugh- ters circumcised because otherwise no âgoodâ man will marry them. Many believe that circumcision controls a womanâs sex- ual desires and cleanses her spiritually so that others can eat what she cooks. Although the practice is not mentioned in the Koran, many North African Muslims believe that female circum- cision is required by certain sayings they attribute to Muham- mad, the founder of Islam. However, Muslim scholars dispute both the authenticity and the interpretation of these sayings.
Many Americans and Europeans feel strongly that female genital mutilation is an immoral assault on a helpless and unwilling girl, an assault that provides her no medical benefit, risks serious infection, and permanently deprives her of the ability to feel sexual pleasure. They have pressured foreign governments to outlaw the practice and to crack down on the women who make a business of it because they are violating the human rights of thousands of girls.
Practitioners claim that Westerners who w want to prohibit female circumcision are trying to impose their own morality on others. A Somali practitioner said: âThis is a great offence and a great interference with our lives and our lifestyle. For too long Europeans have come into our countries and told us how to live our lives and how to behave and we believe that is totally unac- ceptable. We will not allow foreigners to tell us how to behave or put our businesses at risk any longer. In order for our daugh- ters to be free they must have this procedure. It is their right as women and our obligation as adults to make them into the best young women we can. Circumcision is a fundamental part of becoming a young woman and we will not deny them that because of some misplaced sense of morality from foreigners.â
Phillip Waites, a doctor and medical analyst for a news service noted, âThe core issue here is whether or not Europe- ans have the right to step into another country and demand that they change their traditions and culture.â Remarking on the many practitioners for whom female circumcision is a busi- ness, he said: âThere arenât a whole lot of jobs in Somalia. There really isnât a whole lot of anything in Somalia frankly, and these women have a specialty that not only garners them a good living but also gives them a certain status in the country that they might not otherwise have.â

Is the business of providing female circumcision services morally wrong? Why?

If a practitioner asks for a small business loan from a Western "micro-finance lender" like www.kiva.org (Links to an external site.) would it be wrong for the lender to refuse?

Would it be wrong for the lender to agree? Explain.

Is it wrong for Westerners to pressure North African governments to prevent practitioners from doing female circumcisions?

Does the case support ethical relativism or does it suggest that there are certain things that are wrong no matter what, or neither of these positions?

WGS160Y1 Lecture : WSG272 Lecture #7

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