christ5022

What effect does amylase have on starch and what product are formed?

SCH3U U1 Experiment #10 DecompositionReactions

Purpose:

To observe four decompositionreactions.

Hypothesis:

Part A:

Lead (II) Nitrate > Lead +Nitrogen Gas + Oxygen Gas

Part B:

Hydrogen Peroxide > Water + OxygenGas

Part C:

Ammonium Carbonate > Ammonia +Carbon Dioxide

Part D:

Copper (II) Carbonate > CopperOxide + Carbon Dioxide

Materials:

See experiment handout. U1 Experiment#10 Decomposition Reactions

Procedure:

See experiment handout. U1 Experiment#10 Decomposition Reactions

Part D: (teacherdemonstration)

1)Heat a small amount of CopperCarbonate in a test tube over a Bunsen burner.

2)Collect the gas produced and bubblethrough lime water.

Observations:

PartA:

Lead (II) Nitrate --pale yellow finedull powder

Glowing splint test-- reignited

Burning splint test-- brightened

--brown gas was produced (NitrogenDioxide)

Part B:

Hydrogen Peroxide-- clear, colorlessliquid

Magnesium (IV) Oxide-- fine blackpowder

Flaming splint test-- wasextinguished

Glowing splint test-- reignitessplint

Reaction: reacts vigorouslyproducing a gas, dark powder mixed throughout. Reaction continuedfor several minutes.

Part C:

Ammonium Carbonate-- fine dull whitepowder

Red litmus-- turned blue

Blue litmus-- stayed blue

Dried cobalt paper-- turned pink

Glowing splint test--extinguished

Burning splint test--extinguished

Part D:

Copper Carbonate-- dull green-bluefine powder

Lime water-- clear liquid

Results of lime water test: Limewater turned cloudy and milky, and a precipitate formed in limewater.

CuCO₃ turns black as thereaction occurs.

Conclusion:

Four decompositions reactions wereobserved. In all of the experiments gases were produced.

Discussion:

1)The balanced equations are:

Part A:

2Pb(NO₃)₂ >4NO₂ + 2PbO + O₂

Part B:

H₂O₂ >H₂ + O₂

Part C:

(NH₄)₂CO₃ > 2NH₃ +CO₂ + H₂O

Part D:

CuCO₃ > CO₂+ CuO

2) The gas produced though thedecomposition of compounds containing the carbonate ion is carbondioxide (CO₂).

3) There are many tests to confirmthe presence of different gases. To test for CO₂ you canbubble the gas through lime water and it should turn cloudy ormilky. To test for O₂ you can place a glowing splint inthe gas and it should ignite. The presence of NH₃ can beconfirmed by it's ability to extinguish a glowing or flamingsplint, also it turns red litmus paper blue, and has a distinctivepungent odor. The presence of water vapor can be confirmed withcobalt paper, which turns pink when contacted by water vapor.Hydrogen gas (H₂) is tested for by placing a flamingsplint in the unknown gas, and a popping sound will be heard, thesplint will also be extinguished.

4) A balanced chemical equation forammonium gas and water is:

NH₃ + H₂O >NH₄⁺_(aq) +OH^-_(aq)

This explains why NH₃causes red litmus paper to turn blue, as the products areNH₄⁺ + OH^- , and OH^- isan indicator of a base, and bases turn red litmus paper blue. Thishappens because as the ammonium gas contacts the moist litmus paperit reacts with the water that has moistened the paper beforeeffecting the litmus paper.

5) A balanced chemical equation forcarbon dioxide and water is:

CO₂ + H₂O >H₂CO_3(aq)

The product is carbonic acid, andacids turn moist litmus paper red. The carbon dioxide reacts withthe water held by the litmus paper before reacting with the litmuspaper so is acidic when affecting the paper.

What is the pH of 50 mL of Distilled Water mixed with 0.5 g of Zinc (using red litmus paper)?

Whati s the pH of 50 mL of 5 mL of 5 M HCl mixed with 0.5 g of Zinc (using red litmus paper)?

What is the pH of 5 mL of 1 M Copper (II) Sulfate mixed with 0.25 g of Zinc (using red litmus paper)?

What is the pH of 2 mL of 0.1 M Zinc Acetate mixed with 2 mL of 0.1 M Sodium Phosphate (using red litmus paper)?

How can litmus paper be used to measure pH?

Locate any stereogenic centers in the given molecules 

CH3CH2CH2OH 

(CH3)CHCH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3

CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3

Answer the question of whether or not household items (like red cabbage) can be used as a pH indicator

Balance the equation and show the calculation of the number of moles and grams of CO₂ formed from 25.4 grams of C₈H₁₈. Show your answers to 3 significant figures.

C₈H₁₈ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Determine the mass( in grams) of 2.42 moles of CO2 AND the number of moles of C8H18 in 128 grams of C8H18.

Determine the mass in grams of 1.25 mol Mg 

the first image is the questions. it is one question, but has more htan one part

what is the textbook solution for this questions

) During cellular respiration, mitochondria break down carbohydrates to produce energy that is used to make ATP.

This process requires oxygen and carbohydrates and produces carbon dioxide and water.

During photosynthesis, chloroplasts use water and carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates.

This process requires carbon dioxide and water which are byproducts from cellular respiration.

In turn it produces oxygen and carbohydrates that are used in cellular respiration.

In this manner flow of energy is cycled between mitochondria and chloroplasts.

2) During photosynthesis, hydrogen atoms are transferred from water to carbon dioxide as glucose forms.

Thus during photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is reduced while water is oxidised. In other words, carbon dioxide gains electrons and oxygen loses electrons.

During cellular respiration, glucose is oxidised as oxygen is reduced becoming water.

In each of these reactions, while one molecule loses electrons (is oxidised), another gains electrons (is reduced); thus each of these pathways includes redox reactions: coupled reduction and oxidation reactions.

3) The laws of thermodynamics explain energy flow and energy conservation and can be applied to biological systems.

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed also known as the law of conservation of energy.

The second law of thermodynamics states that energy is lost when it is converted from one form to another often in the form of heat.

As cells go through transformations, they decrease the total entropy of the universe, resulting in a increase in available energy.

For example, photosynthesis in plants requires an energy input to turn carbon dioxide and water into sugar because there is a decrease in entropy.

Comment

I am taking General Biology science major.

ANSWER FULL PROBLEM NOT JUST HALF PLEASE AND THANK YOU! part1 fill in blank

Energy flow between photosynthesis and respiration

During ____________ , mitochondria break down carbohydrates to produce energy that is used to make ____________ .

This process requires ____________ and carbohydrates, and produces ____________ and water.

During ____________ , chloroplasts use water and ____________ to create carbohydrates.

This process requires ____________ and water, which are byproducts from ____________ .

In turn, it produces ____________ and carbohydrates that are used in ____________ .

In this manner, the flow of energy is ____________ between chloroplasts and mitochondria.

part1word choice:

cycled

ATP

photosynthesis

carbon dioxide

oxygen

cellular respiratory

part2 ATP and unfavorable reactions

Below are two coupled reactions that occur during glycolysis, as well as the net energy change for each reaction. Use the information provided to complete the following paragraph. One word may be used more than once.

REACTIONS CHANGE IN ENERGY

glucose+PI---->glucose 6 phoshate +3.3 KCAL/MOL

ATP---->ADP+PI -7.3 KCAL/MOL

NEXT ENERGY CHANGE=-40 KCAL/MOL

The first chemical reaction is an example of an ____________ reaction because energy is ____________ .

The second reaction is an example of an ____________ reaction because energy is ____________ .

Overall, energy is ____________ as these two coupled reactions occur during glycolysis.

In this manner, ____________ is used to drive energetically unfavorable reactions.

WORD CHOICEPART2

ADP

ATP

USED

endorgonic

exergonic

produced

*True or False: Long, weak bonds (like those found in non-polar C-H bonds) have higher potential energy than short, strong bonds (like those found in polar O-H bonds).

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can be hydrolyzed to become ADP and inorganic phosphate. It has a deltaG of -7.3 kcal/mol. This reaction… (Choose ALL correct answers)

Changes in free energy are related to both enthalpy and entropy. Which equation best represents this?

C-C bonds

C-O bonds

C-H bonds

All of these bonds have equivalent amount of energy.

Acid rain is caused in part by burning coal that contains sulfur impurities. The sulfur is converted first to SO2, which reacts with oxygen and atmospheric moisture to produce sulfuric acid, H2SO4. If a particular coal contains 0.95% sulfur (by mass), calculate the mass of sulfuric acid produced by burning a metric ton (1000 kg) of the coal.

A particular coal contains 2.65% sulfur by mass. When the coal isburned, it produces SO₂ emissions which combine withrain water to produce sulfuric acid. Use the formula of sulfuricacid to calculate the mass % of S in sulfuric acid. Then determinehow much sulfuric acid ( in kg) is produced by the combustion of1.0 metric ton of coal. ( A metric ton is 1000 kg)

I need help figurng out this challenging problem.

A particular coal contains 2.55% sulfur by mass. When thecoal isburned, it produces SO₂ emissions whichcombine withrainwater to produce sulfuric acid.

PART A

Use the formula of sulfuric acid to calculate the mass percent of Sin sulfuric acid.

? %S

PART B

Determine how much sulfuric acid (in metric tons) is produced bythecombustion of 1.2 metric ton of this coal. (A metricton is 1000kg.)
Express your answer using two significant figures.

m= ? metric ton H₂SO₄

  If you were to take a pH reading and compare the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix (inner part of mitochondria), what would you expect?

 sulfur
oxides, when dissolved in rainwater, formed sulfuric acid and hence "acid rain." How many metric
tonnes of Indiana coal, which averages 3.5% sulfur
by weight, would yield the H2S04 required to produce a 0.9-in. rainfall of pH 3.90 precipitation over
a 104
 square mile area?

2. A 50.0g piece of brass with a specific heat of 0.380 J/g C was heated to an unspecified temperature and then dropped into 30.0g of water initially at 21.4C. The final temperature of the brass mixture was 32.8C. Given that the specific heat of water for this temperature range is 4.184 J/g C what was the initial temperature of the brass?

Ethylene gas, C₂H₄, reacts with water at high temperature to yield to ethyl alcohol, C₂H₆O.

How many grams of ethylene are needed to react with 0.133 mol of H₂O?

How many grams of ethyl alcohol will result?

How many grams of water are needed to react with 0.371 mol of ethylene?

How many grams of ethyl alcohol will result?

The following figure represents solutions that occur at various stages during the titration of a weak acid, HAHA, with NaOHNaOH. (The Na+Na+ ions and water have been omitted for clarity.) Which of the following statements are true?

(i) The equivalence point is represented in (iv).

(ii) Both (i) and (ii) are buffer solutions.

(iii) The highest pHpH is represented by (ii).

For the following reaction, 4.38 grams of hydrogen gas are mixed with excess ethylene (C2H4) . The reaction yields 54.3 grams of ethane (C2H6) .

hydrogen ( g ) + ethylene (C2H4) ( g ) ethane (C2H6) ( g )

What is the theoretical yield of ethane (C2H6) ?

What is the percent yield for this reaction ?

Ethyl alcohol is prepared by the reaction of ethylene, C2H4, with water. What is the percent yield of the reaction if 4.6 g of ethylene gives 4.7 g of ethyl alcohol? C2H4 (g) + H2O(l) ? C2H6O(l)

How does alcohol be prepared?