kheriand10

kheriand10

Lv2

KH "GB"

0 Followers
0 Following
0 Helped

ANSWERS

Published28

Subjects

Law1English4Information Technology3Accounting2Calculus6Biology6Mathematics1Statistics1Physics1Chemistry3

Part II: Human genetics
Imagine that you are a geneticist at a hospital and you are given a file for a patient
whose family has a history of cancer.
The patient, John Doe, is 18 years old and has had a biopsy done on a tumorous
growth in his adrenal gland. He has a sister, Jane, and a brother, Bob, who are younger
than he is and who are both healthy. His mother, Betty, has a diagnosis of breast
cancer. John’s father, Joe, and John’s paternal grandparents have no history of cancer.
Betty is one of four children. Her brother, Tom, and sister, Lucy, have never had cancer
or signs of cancer. Both Tom and Lucy are older than Betty. Betty had another brother,
Jake, who died very young of leukaemia. Tom has monozygotic twin daughters who are
healthy. Betty’s father, Don, died of soft tissue sarcoma in his thirties. Betty’s mother is
alive and healthy. Betty’s paternal grandmother, Don’s mother, died of a brain tumor in
her thirties. Don had no siblings.

1. (4) Given the family history, you decide to draw a pedigree to help you determine if
the cancer is caused by a heritable genetic defect. In your tree be sure to indicate
John as the propositus and follow other conventions used when making a tree.
2. (1) What is the most likely mode of inheritance of the genetic defect?
As part of your research, you also consult the OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in
Man) database and come up with a short list of candidate genes could mutate to
cause John’s tumor.
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE I; MEN1
OMIM #13110
• Associated with tumors of the endocrine (hormone producing) glands. Originally
known as Wermer syndrome.
• Most common tumors involve parathyroid gland, islet cells of the pancreas, and
pituitary gland.
• Other endocrine tumors include adrenal cortical tumors, carcinoid tumors and rare
pheochromocytomas, as well as tumors in other parts of the digestive tract.
LYNCH SYNDROME I
OMIM #120435
• Also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).
• Significantly increased risk of developing colorectal cancer.
• Increased risk of developing other types of cancers, such as endometrial
(uterine), stomach, breast, ovarian, small bowel (intestinal), pancreatic, prostate,
urinary tract, liver, kidney, and bile duct cancers.
LI-FRAUMENI SYNDROME; LFS
OMIM #151623
• Most common types of cancer osteosarcoma (bone cancer), soft-tissue sarcoma,
acute leukemia, breast cancer, brain cancer, and adrenal cortical tumors, which is an
organ on the top of the kidney.
• Increased risk for melanoma, Wilms' tumor, and cancers of the stomach, colon,
pancreas, esophagus, lung, and gonadal germ cells (sex organs) have also been
reported.
CARNEY COMPLEX, TYPE 1; CNC1
OMIM #160980
• Associated with spotty skin pigmentation; myxomas, which are benign
(noncancerous) connective tissue tumors. Tumors can be benign or cancerous.
• Symptoms develop when a person is in his or her early 20s.
• Other common features are Cushing’s syndrome and multiple thyroid nodules
(tumors). Features a combination of weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, and
easy bruising, caused by the overproduction of the hormone cortisol.
NEUROBLASTOMA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
OMIM #256700
• Solid cancerous tumor that begins in the nerve cells outside the brain of infants and
young children. It can start in the nerve tissue near the spine in the neck, chest,
abdomen, or pelvis, but it most often begins in the adrenal glands.
• Develops most often in infants and children younger than 5.
VON HIPPEL-LINDAU SYNDROME; VHL
OMIM #193300
• Associated with tumors arising in multiple organs. Include hemangioblastomas,
spinal cord, and eye.
• Increased risk of developing clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and
pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.
• Other features - kidney cysts, pancreatic cysts, epididymal cystadenomas, and
endolymphatic sac tumors.
3. (2) What disorder would you suspect John has based on the information you have
collected? Explain.
4. (1) Based on information from the OMIM database, what gene(s) is most often
associated with this disorder?
5. (2) Should you be concerned about John’s siblings developing cancer? Explain
6. (3) To confirm that John has a mutation in the suspected gene(s), what molecular
technique will you use? What tissue would you use for this test and why?

Can you answer question part 5 and 6?

Answer: 9

* I posted this question again since the picture of the question is not showing up :https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/part-ii-human-genetics-imagine-geneticist-hospital-given-file-patient-whose-family-history-q27904022

Imagine that you are a geneticist at a hospital and you are given a file for a patient whose family has a history of cancer. The patient, John Doe, is 18 years old and has had a biopsy done on a tumorous growth in his adrenal gland. He has a sister, Jane, and a brother, Bob, who are younger than he is and who are both healthy. His mother, Betty, has a diagnosis of breast cancer. John’s father, Joe, and John’s paternal grandparents have no history of cancer. Betty is one of four children. Her brother, Tom, and sister, Lucy, have never had cancer or signs of cancer. Both Tom and Lucy are older than Betty. Betty had another brother, Jake, who died very young of leukaemia. Tom has monozygotic twin daughters who are healthy. Betty’s father, Don, died of soft tissue sarcoma in his thirties. Betty’s mother is alive and healthy. Betty’s paternal grandmother, Don’s mother, died of a brain tumor in her thirties. Don had no siblings. As part of your research, you also consult the OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) database and come up with a short list of candidate genes could mutate to cause John’s tumor. MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE I; MEN1 OMIM #13110 • Associated with tumors of the endocrine (hormone producing) glands. Originally known as Wermer syndrome. • Most common tumors involve parathyroid gland, islet cells of the pancreas, and pituitary gland. • Other endocrine tumors include adrenal cortical tumors, carcinoid tumors and rare pheochromocytomas, as well as tumors in other parts of the digestive tract. LYNCH SYNDROME I OMIM #120435 • Also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). • Significantly increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. • Increased risk of developing other types of cancers, such as endometrial (uterine), stomach, breast, ovarian, small bowel (intestinal), pancreatic, prostate, urinary tract, liver, kidney, and bile duct cancers. LI-FRAUMENI SYNDROME; LFS OMIM #151623 • Most common types of cancer osteosarcoma (bone cancer), soft-tissue sarcoma, acute leukemia, breast cancer, brain cancer, and adrenal cortical tumors, which is an organ on the top of the kidney. • Increased risk for melanoma, Wilms' tumor, and cancers of the stomach, colon, pancreas, esophagus, lung, and gonadal germ cells (sex organs) have also been reported. CARNEY COMPLEX, TYPE 1; CNC1 OMIM #160980 • Associated with spotty skin pigmentation; myxomas, which are benign (noncancerous) connective tissue tumors. Tumors can be benign or cancerous. • Symptoms develop when a person is in his or her early 20s. • Other common features are Cushing’s syndrome and multiple thyroid nodules (tumors). Features a combination of weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, and easy bruising, caused by the overproduction of the hormone cortisol. NEUROBLASTOMA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OMIM #256700 • Solid cancerous tumor that begins in the nerve cells outside the brain of infants and young children. It can start in the nerve tissue near the spine in the neck, chest, abdomen, or pelvis, but it most often begins in the adrenal glands. • Develops most often in infants and children younger than 5. VON HIPPEL-LINDAU SYNDROME; VHL OMIM #193300 • Associated with tumors arising in multiple organs. Include hemangioblastomas, spinal cord, and eye. • Increased risk of developing clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. • Other features - kidney cysts, pancreatic cysts, epididymal cystadenomas, and endolymphatic sac tumors

Answer: 9

Imagine that you are a geneticist at a hospital and you are given a file for a patient
whose family has a history of cancer.
The patient, John Doe, is 18 years old and has had a biopsy done on a tumorous
growth in his adrenal gland. He has a sister, Jane, and a brother, Bob, who are younger
than he is and who are both healthy. His mother, Betty, has a diagnosis of breast
cancer. John’s father, Joe, and John’s paternal grandparents have no history of cancer.
Betty is one of four children. Her brother, Tom, and sister, Lucy, have never had cancer
or signs of cancer. Both Tom and Lucy are older than Betty. Betty had another brother,
Jake, who died very young of leukaemia. Tom has monozygotic twin daughters who are
healthy. Betty’s father, Don, died of soft tissue sarcoma in his thirties. Betty’s mother is
alive and healthy. Betty’s paternal grandmother, Don’s mother, died of a brain tumor in
her thirties. Don had no siblings.

1. (4) Given the family history, you decide to draw a pedigree to help you determine if
the cancer is caused by a heritable genetic defect. In your tree be sure to indicate
John as the propositus and follow other conventions used when making a tree.
2. (1) What is the most likely mode of inheritance of the genetic defect?
As part of your research, you also consult the OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in
Man) database and come up with a short list of candidate genes could mutate to
cause John’s tumor.
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE I; MEN1
OMIM #13110
• Associated with tumors of the endocrine (hormone producing) glands. Originally
known as Wermer syndrome.
• Most common tumors involve parathyroid gland, islet cells of the pancreas, and
pituitary gland.
• Other endocrine tumors include adrenal cortical tumors, carcinoid tumors and rare
pheochromocytomas, as well as tumors in other parts of the digestive tract.
LYNCH SYNDROME I
OMIM #120435
• Also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).
• Significantly increased risk of developing colorectal cancer.
• Increased risk of developing other types of cancers, such as endometrial
(uterine), stomach, breast, ovarian, small bowel (intestinal), pancreatic, prostate,
urinary tract, liver, kidney, and bile duct cancers.
LI-FRAUMENI SYNDROME; LFS
OMIM #151623
• Most common types of cancer osteosarcoma (bone cancer), soft-tissue sarcoma,
acute leukemia, breast cancer, brain cancer, and adrenal cortical tumors, which is an
organ on the top of the kidney.
• Increased risk for melanoma, Wilms' tumor, and cancers of the stomach, colon,
pancreas, esophagus, lung, and gonadal germ cells (sex organs) have also been
reported.
CARNEY COMPLEX, TYPE 1; CNC1
OMIM #160980
• Associated with spotty skin pigmentation; myxomas, which are benign
(noncancerous) connective tissue tumors. Tumors can be benign or cancerous.
• Symptoms develop when a person is in his or her early 20s.
• Other common features are Cushing’s syndrome and multiple thyroid nodules
(tumors). Features a combination of weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, and
easy bruising, caused by the overproduction of the hormone cortisol.
NEUROBLASTOMA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
OMIM #256700
• Solid cancerous tumor that begins in the nerve cells outside the brain of infants and
young children. It can start in the nerve tissue near the spine in the neck, chest,
abdomen, or pelvis, but it most often begins in the adrenal glands.
• Develops most often in infants and children younger than 5.
VON HIPPEL-LINDAU SYNDROME; VHL
OMIM #193300
• Associated with tumors arising in multiple organs. Include hemangioblastomas,
spinal cord, and eye.
• Increased risk of developing clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and
pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.
• Other features - kidney cysts, pancreatic cysts, epididymal cystadenomas, and
endolymphatic sac tumors.
3. (2) What disorder would you suspect John has based on the information you have
collected? Explain.
4. (1) Based on information from the OMIM database, what gene(s) is most often
associated with this disorder?
5. (2) Should you be concerned about John’s siblings developing cancer? Explain
6. (3) To confirm that John has a mutation in the suspected gene(s), what molecular
technique will you use? What tissue would you use for this test and why?
7. (3) If it turns out that there is a mutation in the suspected gene(s), how can you
experimentally determine that the mutation is located in protein-coding region of the
gene(s)?

Can you answer question 3 and 4?

Answer: 9

Imagine that you are a geneticist at a hospital and you are given a file for a patient
whose family has a history of cancer.
The patient, John Doe, is 18 years old and has had a biopsy done on a tumorous
growth in his adrenal gland. He has a sister, Jane, and a brother, Bob, who are younger
than he is and who are both healthy. His mother, Betty, has a diagnosis of breast
cancer. John’s father, Joe, and John’s paternal grandparents have no history of cancer.

Betty is one of four children. Her brother, Tom, and sister, Lucy, have never had cancer
or signs of cancer. Both Tom and Lucy are older than Betty. Betty had another brother,
Jake, who died very young of leukaemia. Tom has monozygotic twin daughters who are
healthy. Betty’s father, Don, died of soft tissue sarcoma in his thirties. Betty’s mother is
alive and healthy. Betty’s paternal grandmother, Don’s mother, died of a brain tumor in
her thirties. Don had no siblings.

As part of your research, you also consult the OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in
Man) database and come up with a short list of candidate genes could mutate to
cause John’s tumor.

MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE I; MEN1
OMIM #13110
• Associated with tumors of the endocrine (hormone producing) glands. Originally
known as Wermer syndrome.
• Most common tumors involve parathyroid gland, islet cells of the pancreas, and
pituitary gland.
• Other endocrine tumors include adrenal cortical tumors, carcinoid tumors and rare
pheochromocytomas, as well as tumors in other parts of the digestive tract.

LYNCH SYNDROME I
OMIM #120435
• Also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).
• Significantly increased risk of developing colorectal cancer.
• Increased risk of developing other types of cancers, such as endometrial
(uterine), stomach, breast, ovarian, small bowel (intestinal), pancreatic, prostate,
urinary tract, liver, kidney, and bile duct cancers.

LI-FRAUMENI SYNDROME; LFS
OMIM #151623
• Most common types of cancer osteosarcoma (bone cancer), soft-tissue sarcoma,
acute leukemia, breast cancer, brain cancer, and adrenal cortical tumors, which is an
organ on the top of the kidney.
• Increased risk for melanoma, Wilms' tumor, and cancers of the stomach, colon,
pancreas, esophagus, lung, and gonadal germ cells (sex organs) have also been
reported.

CARNEY COMPLEX, TYPE 1; CNC1
OMIM #160980
• Associated with spotty skin pigmentation; myxomas, which are benign
(noncancerous) connective tissue tumors. Tumors can be benign or cancerous.
• Symptoms develop when a person is in his or her early 20s.
• Other common features are Cushing’s syndrome and multiple thyroid nodules
(tumors). Features a combination of weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, and
easy bruising, caused by the overproduction of the hormone cortisol.

NEUROBLASTOMA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
OMIM #256700
• Solid cancerous tumor that begins in the nerve cells outside the brain of infants and
young children. It can start in the nerve tissue near the spine in the neck, chest,
abdomen, or pelvis, but it most often begins in the adrenal glands.
• Develops most often in infants and children younger than 5.

VON HIPPEL-LINDAU SYNDROME; VHL
OMIM #193300
• Associated with tumors arising in multiple organs. Include hemangioblastomas,
spinal cord, and eye.
• Increased risk of developing clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and
pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.
• Other features - kidney cysts, pancreatic cysts, epididymal cystadenomas, and
endolymphatic sac tumors.

Q1) What disorder would you suspect John has based on the information you have
collected? Explain.
Q2) Based on information from the OMIM database, what gene(s) is most often
associated with this disorder?
Q3) Should you be concerned about John’s siblings developing cancer? Explain
Q4) To confirm that John has a mutation in the suspected gene(s), what molecular
technique will you use? What tissue would you use for this test and why?
Q5) If it turns out that there is a mutation in the suspected gene(s), how can you
experimentally determine that the mutation is located in protein-coding region of the
gene(s)?

Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9
Answer: 9

 

C++ Tutorial For Beginners | C++ Programming | C++ | C++ Basics | C++ For Beginners | Simplilearn Simplilearn

c plus plus is a popular programming language introduced by john strawstrom in the year 1979. It is general purpose case sensitive language and it is called pre-compiled language. It contains both features of high level and low level language. C plus plus supports procedural programming and functional programming as well. There are different types of data type that acts as a keyword which is responsible to define a variable. The syntax of strings contains a collection of characters surrounded by double quotes for example here string is the type str is the name of the string and coffee is the value that is assigned to the string. For loop for loop is the repetition control structure that allows us to repeat a block of code for a fixed number of times instead of repeating the same code again and again. Another type of loop is while loop while loop are used in c plus are group of statements that are designed to perform a specific task. functions in c and c plus allow us to write a code inside the function and then we can use that code every time when we need it by mocking the function.

We have to use if condition because we want to find the even elements and the odd elements and for that we have to include if condition so we 'll write if array of i mod 2 that is if an element on dividing by 2 gives 0 as a remainder then it will it is even element so we'll increment the even variable this which we have written 0 will increment over here okay so in this question we have used array for loop and if else so now let 's try some other example. We will print the elements from 1 to 20 using while loop and with the help of function so first of all we 'll start with intermittent and inside int main will simply call or invoke the function by writing the name of the function print function. In order to give some space between each element while printing we have used double quotes with the space between them. Get line c in is used to take the input of a string and s is the name of the string. Now we will print another message saying that you have entered now here we'll print the string so next line and then okay now we 'll do some operations like s dot pushback this will add an element at the end of the. string. There are some more examples on each of these topics we have covered.

Answer:
Answer: r
Answer: The total assets turnover can be calculated by dividing the ROA by the...
Answer: The specific heat capacity of water is 1 cal/g°C. This means that it t...
Answer: A confidence interval is a range of values that is likely to contain t...
Answer: Python is a popular programming language that was created by Guido van...
Answer:
Answer: The correct answer is C. Jordan reveals that Gatsby wants Nick to set ...
Answer: In chapter 4 of The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby is described as a mysteri...
Answer: Listen actively: Good communication starts with listening. Make sure t...
Answer: There are three main types of chemical bonding: ionic, covalent, and m...
Answer: Walk or bike instead of driving or taking public transportation: If yo...
Answer: Chemical bonding refers to the formation of a chemical bond between tw...
Answer: a. The probability that a randomly selected male college student gains...
Answer: Having high emotional intelligence, or high EQ, means that a person ha...

Weekly leaderboard

Start filling in the gaps now
Log in