BIOL1004 Study Guide - Final Guide: Pyrenoid, House Mouse, Medicago
Molecular Genetics
DNA replication
• Primase, DNA polymerase I, ligase needed
RNA
Use:
• Info needs to get where it is needed (usually not the nucleus)
• DNA is single copy → different genes need to be represented in different
copy numbers
• Less stable, more flexible
• However no backup in case of mutation (single strand)
Transcription
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Translation
Proteins
• Structural
• Regulatory
• Catalytic
Model Organisms
• Research is done to benefit humans
• Research for other organisms is often too difficult (hard to keep alive,
slow reproduction, too large genomes)
Characteristics of model organism
• Representative of many other organisms and processes
• Readily available
• Easy to keep alive
• Reproduces easily and quickly
• Lot of information available
• Genome is sequenced
Modelling
Modelling
Type of
Name of
Characteristics of
Limitations
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Document Summary
Dna replication: primase, dna polymerase i, ligase needed. Use: dna is single copy different genes need to be represented in different. Info needs to get where it is needed (usually not the nucleus) copy numbers: less stable, more flexible, however no backup in case of mutation (single strand) Model organisms: research is done to benefit humans, research for other organisms is often too difficult (hard to keep alive, slow reproduction, too large genomes) Characteristics of model organism: representative of many other organisms and processes, readily available, easy to keep alive, reproduces easily and quickly, lot of information available, genome is sequenced. Sub cellular processes (does not require multi cellularity) organism. 4000 years (we know what it likes, how to work with it: minimal organism- only has genes that are crucial for maintaining life (smallest known genome, first artificial. No er, golgi or mrna splicing and cell wall present.