HSE320 Final: HSE230 Exercise in Health and Disease
HSE230: Exercise in Health and Disease Notes
Emily Zukic
Topic 1: Exercise is Medicine
-Exercise to promote good health & prevention/treatment of disease
Overview of chronic diseases and prevalence
-Chronic disease defined by: slow in progress, continuous, generally incurable
-Morbidity/Co-morbidity: prevalence/incidence of disease, 2+ diseases
-Mortality: no. Deaths as a result of disease
-Is obesity
the
underlying
cause for the
rise in chronic
disease?
-Many chronic
diseases are age related
-Prevalence of a disease likely to increase as population ages
-Increased prevalence of disease in younger population
-Age, genes heredity, physical activity, health, health-related fitness, other factors
Some factors that may influence the development of chronic diseases
-Many current treatments target disease state after it has been clinically
observed/diagnosed
-Importance of primary prevention versus secondary/tertiary prevention
-Ex. Diabetes treated when observed, quite far along and hard to change at that point
How exercise/physical activity could prevent and treat chronic disease
-Physiological and biological effects caused by exercise
-Changes underpin disease states
-Physical activity: beneficial effects can be used as a treatment/preventative measure
for disease
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Importance of physical inactivity, risk factor for overall health
-Hippocrates appreciated the consequences of
exercise/lack of
-Trends in physical inactivity are rising in Aus
-Cause? Time poor, less chance for incidental physical
activities, amount of screen time, technology, sitting a
large part of our life
-Development to disease: Low (CRF) Cardiorespiratory fitness accounts for more
deaths than obesity, smoking, hypertension and diabetes
Role that exercise/PA plays in preventing and treating disease
-Curvilinear relationship between physical activity and all-cause mortality
-Different disease states sit at different spots on the graph: amount of exercise differs
-No minimum threshold for benefits, something better than nothing
-Risk reduction greatest at lowest end of activity scale
-No negative effects of doing too much exercise, limits in elite athletes but general
population unlikely
-No obvious single volume of activity to choose as a recommended level
-Physical activity vs Genetics: clear relationship between exercise and risk of developing
the disease, reduced irrespective of parental history
-Fitness is a strong predictor of CV and all cause mortality, much better predicts than
BMI
-PA vs Drug interventions: longterm changes lifestyle intervention significantly reduced
dev of diabetes compared to drug treatment
Overview
of
significant
health
costs
associated
with physical
inactivity
-Costs to the health care system: $400,000,000 a year
direct health cost treating those unhealthy
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
-~122 less deaths for every 1% increase in the prop of population who became active
Current physical activity guidelines for health
benefits
-Strong evidence supports link between:
physical inactivity and disease, physical activity and health
-Physical activity: doing anything better than none, be active on most/pref all days
every week
-Accumulate 150-300min of mod intensity PA
-Or 75-150min of vigorous intensity PA
-Do muscle strengthen activities at least 2 days/week
-Sedentary behaviour: minimise time spent sitting for prolonged periods of time,
break up long periods of sitting as often as possible
Adults 18-65yrs (>65 years with chronic condition)
-Aerobic exercise: >30min mod intensity on 5 days/week or 20min vig intensity
3/week
-Resistance exercise: 8-10 exercises 10-15reps on 2 non-consecutive days, progressive
If at risk of falling -
-Balance exercise: progressively challenging exercises to help maintain balance and
prevent falls
-Guidelines will they improve health and minimise disease in all individuals??
-Improvement in aerobic capacity (Vo2max), minimise insulin sensitivity, decline BP
-Large range of observed changes
-Non-responders: didn’t see changes, insulin became more resistant, what’s different
about these individuals? Genetic variability?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Hse230: exercise in health and disease notes. Exercise to promote good health & prevention/treatment of disease. Chronic disease defined by: slow in progress, continuous, generally incurable. Deaths as a result of disease diseases are age related. Prevalence of a disease likely to increase as population ages. Age, genes heredity, physical activity, health, health-related fitness, other factors. Some factors that may influence the development of chronic diseases. Many current treatments target disease state after it has been clinically observed/diagnosed. Diabetes treated when observed, quite far along and hard to change at that point. How exercise/physical activity could prevent and treat chronic disease. Physical activity: beneficial effects can be used as a treatment/preventative measure for disease. Importance of physical inactivity, risk factor for overall health. Trends in physical inactivity are rising in aus. Time poor, less chance for incidental physical activities, amount of screen time, technology, sitting a large part of our life.
