CHEM1101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Food Energy, Electrochemistry, Thermochemistry
Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry
Energy
• Eegis the ailit to do ok o tasfe heat. –Energy used to cause an object that has
mass to move is called work. –Energy used to cause the temperature of an object to rise is
called heat.
• This setio is about thermodynamics, which is the study of energy transformations, and
thermochemistry, which applies the field to chemical reactions, specifically.
Units of Energy
• The SI unit of energy is the joule (J):
• An older, non-SI unit is still in widespread use, the calorie (cal):
1 cal = 4.184 J
(Note: this is not the same as the calorie of foods; the food calorie is
1 kcal!)
Definitions: System and Surroundings
• The sste iludes the oleules e at to stud hee, the
hydrogen and oxygen molecules).
• The suoudigs ae eethig else hee, the lide ad pisto >>>
Definitions: Work
• Eeg used to oe a ojet oe soe distae is ok:
• = F d hee is ok, F is the foe, ad d is the distae oe hih the foe is
exerted.
Heat
• Eeg a also e tasfeed as heat.
• Heat flos fo ae ojets to oole ojets.
• Heat is ot a thig. It is a poess. • Heat is ot a sustae otaied i a ojet.
First Law of Thermodynamics
• Eeg is eithe eated o destroyed.
• I othe ods, the total eeg of the uiese is a ostat; if the sste loses eeg, it
must be gained by the surroundings, and vice versa.
Internal Energy
The internal energy of a system is the sum of all kinetic and potential energies of all
components of the system; we call it E.
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