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Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment. Thus, a central question in ecology concerns how organisms respond to environmental variation. The flip side of this question is to ask whether the variation in characteristics of organisms is the result of variation in features of the environment. This variation can occur in space or through time.
1. Make a list of all the environmental variables that you can think of that are likely to be important to organisms. Think about plants and microbes as well as animals.
1A. One environmental change of great concern to us is climate change, specifically the prospect of human-caused global warming, a topic to which we will return. How do organisms respond to this spatial and temporal variability in the environment?