BIOC 311 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Galactose, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Glycogen

• School: McGill University
• Department: Biochemistry
• Course: BIOC 311
• Professor: Julie St- Pierre

Document Summary

Negative energy balance: more energy is expended than consumed < anorexia. Positive energy balance: more energy is consumed than expended< Catabolism (degredation): nutrients and cell constituents are broken down to salvage their components and/or to generate free energy. Anabolism (biosynthesis): biomolecules are synthesized from simpler components. *5 principles of metabolic pathways: metabolic pathways are irreversible i. gives directionality to the pathway. A highly exergonic reacition is irreversible (large negative deltag), this: catabolic and anabolic pathways must differ i. Pathway of the first to the second mush be different from the second to the first: every metabolic pathways has a first committed" step iii, metabolic pathways in eukaryotic cells occur in specific cellular locations. You start with 6 carbon glucose unit, in the end you have 2 3-carbon pyruvate molecules. Directionality: 3 irreversible steps of glycolysis (esp the last step) to ensure you receive back your 2 used atp (if it reverses too early, you will not regain the used.