GEOG 203 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Clay Minerals, Limonite, Biogeochemistry
Document Summary
Formed through cooling and solidification of magma/lava (may crystalize) Mineralogy: quarts, k-feldspar, biotite mica, amphiboles, pyroxene, olivine. Clastic: formed from mineral weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition from other rocks at near-surface temp and pressure produces sediments: mixed mineralogy, based on particle size: conglomerate (boulders), sandstone (sand size), shale (clay size) Chemical: new minerals formed from sediments formed in situ (lithification: limestone, evaporates, ironstone, organic coal and oil. Metamorphic: formed from intense secondary pressure/temperature processes on igneous and sedimentary rocks. Hard, weather-resistant rocks formed through intense pressure and heat. Weathering: breakdown of rocks and minerals to produce soil. Physical weathering: physical disintegration of rocks and minerals, decreasing particle size and increasing surface area: freeze thaw: rock cracks fill with water, ice forms on surface sealing water, water converts to ice causing. Size increases, releasing pressure: thermal changes: variation of temp causes differential rates or expansion and contraction among mineral.
