NUTR 207 Study Guide - Final Guide: Nutritional Genomics, Energy Density, Blind Experiment
20 Oct 2017
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Choices of foods (diet): highly personal, depends on genetics/background/behaviour/social, poor choices can eventually lead to chronic disease (slow, takes long time) Functional foods: have benefits beyond their nutrients, can be whole foods, fortified, or modified. Can modify by lowering fat, or adding vit (fortify). Body constantly rebuilding, derives energy and building materials from food. Composition of food: water, carbs/lipids/proteins (macro), vitamins and minerals (micro), and others (phytochemicals/fibres/pigments/additives/alcohol). Composition of body: similar, mostly water/fat/protein (women higher % of fat). Minerals: one element, remains same in food and body. Essential nutrients: need to get from foods, body cannot fulfill needs (about 40) Measured in joules (work energy)/cal/kcal (1000 cal): kj to kcal, divide by 4. 2. One cal will raise 1 g water by 1 degree c. Carbs (4/g), proteins (4/g), fats (9/g), alcohol (7/g) Fat has highest energy density (energy per gram). In body, chem bonds in nutrients broken (metabolism) to release energy for heat/activity/signals.
