GEOG 2OC3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Tertiary Sector Of The Economy, Smog, Welland Canal
27 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Region
name
Sometim
es called
Consists
of
When joined
confederation
L
a
n
d
m
a
s
s
%
Popul
ation
%
Physiograph
ic regions
GDP Climate Economic
resource(s)
Important facts
British
Columbia
BC obvi 1871 13% Cordillera -lots of
precipitation
- Pacific
Climate Zone
-natural
resources:
timber, minerals,
and fish
-forestry used to
be the greatest
economic sector,
however it has
declined over
last 50 years
-fur trade helped bring
settlers to the region in
19th century
- The Gold Rush was a
major stimulus to
settlement prior to
Confederation
- Vancouver began its
rise in prominence as
the nation’s dominant
city in the west (due to
completion of Canadian
Pacific Railway)
- B.C has been the only
province to make
substantial population
gains in each decade
since confederation (ex.
Immigration from Asian
countries and more
Canadians have
resettled here than in
any other province)
- largest life expectancy:
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81.2 years
The West - Next
Year
Country
- The
Prairies
(however
, this
may be
misleadin
g
because
prairie=
dry
grasslan
d,
however
it is only
applicabl
e in the
southern
most part
of the
region.
However,
simply
calling it
the West,
leaves
out BC
Alberta,
Sask,
(these two
are also
called
Interior
Plains)
Manitoba
Alberta:1905
Sask:1905
Manitoba:
1870
1
9
.
8
%
17.7% Interior
Plains,
Canadian
Shield.
24.4
%
Continental:
No large
bodies of
water
- hot
summers,
cold winters
- low
precipitation
- climate not
favoured for
agriculture
(water deficit)
-abundance of
natural fossils,
including
dinosaurs
The sedimentary
rocks = good
reservoir for
fossil fuels =
abundance
mineral
resources such
as: oil,gas, coal,
potash
-In the late 20th century,
Alberta experienced
increased urbanization
and economic
diversification. In 2013,
Alberta was responsible
for 82,000 new jobs in
Canada, most of which
included construction,
mining and oil/gas
exploration sectors.
- Canada’s oldest
national park is Banff
National Park (Alberta
side of rocky mountains)
- It was difficult to settle
here, due to
mechanized
agriculture(deep root
systems of grasses)
- Environmental
Challenges: drought,
pollution and water
usage
Ontario 1867 1
0
%
38.5%
(13m)
Canadian
Shield,
Hudson’s bay
lowlands,
Great lakes-
38.4
%
Arctic,
subarctic
(longer and
cooler
winters,
Forestry (90% is
owned by
provincial gov’t),
tourism, mining.
-life expectancy: 81
years (second longest)
Central location and
close proximity to
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St. Lawrence
lowlands.
shorter and
cooler
summers),
Great Lakes-
St Lawrence.
Southern ON
has a
continental
climate (long,
hot and humid
summers,
warm falls,
short cold
winters, cool
springs).
Highly
specialized
crops: grain,
corn, soybeans,
sugar beets,
fruits, grapes,
and vegetables.
Manufacturing
and financial
centre.
Accounts for half
of all of
manufacturing
jobs in canada.
industrial heartland of
US facilitates Ontario’s
economic development.
Golden Horseshoe
(Including TO and
Ham): significant health
problems due to smog).
The Welland Canal:
connects Lake Ontario
and Lake Erie, allowing
ocean-going ships to
enter the heart of North
America.
The Beasley
neighbourhood in ham
has a rate of social
assistance of 23 x the
provincial average, and
an unemployment rate
of 45%. Pop= 5000.
Quebec 1867 1
5
%
23.6% (Canadian
Shield),
Hudson Bay
Lowlands,
Appalachian
uplands, the
Great Lakes-
St. Lawrence
Lowlands
19.6
%
-varies from
the mild
continental
climate to the
cold arctic
-major industries:
forest and
manufacturing
sectors have
been hit hard by
sluggish demand
for their products
from U.S.
- It is struggling
-Petroleum
refining is the
second largest
manufacturing
- 2009 birth rate
reached its highest point
in many decades at
1.74, exceeding the
national figure of 1.67
- Quebec’s economy
was hurt, initially, when
separatism was on the
march (because the
relocation of key
financial businesses in
Ontario) *1970s
-In past years, Quebec’s
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