HTHSCI 1G03 Study Guide - Final Guide: Perception, Hallucination, Exaggeration
21 Nov 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Identify the normal system that if dysfunctional could result in OCD
• Exaggeration of normal
A clue provided by Studies on hallucinations
Symptoms of OCD are in a certain manner the "opposite" of those found in
Schizophrenia
What is a hallucination?
Two perspectives:
One:
• "Sensory perception without external stimulation of relevant sensory organ"
• Something is presented to the senses like normally is done by an external stimulus
Two:
• Illusion of reality
• A mistake of analysis regarding the source of stimulation. A problem of cognition,
not perception
• This perspective on hallucinations leads to the more general question: how, under
normal circumstances, most people are able to discriminate between imagined
events and events in the real world?
Brain mechanisms for source monitoring
• Operation of brain modules which can mark the source of stimulation as internal or
external
• Separate brain mechanisms for processing input and monitoring the source of the
input
Normally, close coupling between brain processes for source of activity and
attribution
Source = external, Attribute = External, Condition = hearing
Source = internal, Attribute = Internal, Condition = imagining
Source = internal, Attribute = External, Condition = hallucination
Source = external, Attribute = Internal, Condition = Perky effect
Experimental question from perspective 2:
• What brain regions take part in distinguishing whether an auditory event comes
from the external world or not?
• Where in the brain is a hallucination like hearing but different than imagining?
Groups and subjects
• Two groups
1. Highly hypnotizable and able to hallucinate under hypnoses
2. Highly hypnotizable but not able to hallucinate under hypnosis
• Male university students
Document Summary
Identify the normal system that if dysfunctional could result in ocd: exaggeration of normal. Symptoms of ocd are in a certain manner the "opposite" of those found in. "sensory perception without external stimulation of relevant sensory organ: something is presented to the senses like normally is done by an external stimulus. Illusion of reality: a mistake of analysis regarding the source of stimulation. Brain mechanisms for source monitoring: operation of brain modules which can mark the source of stimulation as internal or external, separate brain mechanisms for processing input and monitoring the source of the input. Normally, close coupling between brain processes for source of activity and attribution. Source = external, attribute = external, condition = hearing. Source = internal, attribute = internal, condition = imagining. Source = internal, attribute = external, condition = hallucination. Source = external, attribute = internal, condition = perky effect.
