BCHM 218 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Galactose, Biosensor, Mitochondrial Biogenesis
7 Dec 2015
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Document Summary
Different genes expressed into different cells based on cell type. Different phenotypes will express different alleles of the genes. Different cell types express different genes: at certain times under certain conditions, e. g. kidney cells will express different genes than a lung cell. Modifiers (phosphorylation/protease activity: hormones that penetrate the cell, histones (histone modifying factors, intracellular signals. Phosphorylation/acetylation: genes being expressed in adjacent cells, nutrition, radiation, toxins. Drugs/chemicals/xenobiotics: activity, time (biological clocks, temperature (heat shock genes, hormones. To have necessary genes expressed at correct times when needed. From gene into functional gene product (protein/hormone) Central mechanism in control of gene expression. Really important, role doesn"t change over evolution, remains same. More/longer genes that need to be expressed. Binds to dna promoter: sequence of dna it recognizes, closed form. Translation aug, gug, uug start codon. Amanitin changes dna configuration so polymerase cant translocate along. Effector molecules bind to proteins and transmit info about environment to gene which regulates activity of gene.
