CLST 420 Midterm: PhotosMidterm2

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orchidmarten674

3 Nov 2017

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Terracotta roof decoration of campanian design, used at cumae and capua, 6th c. Pompeii, ruins of the temple of apollo and reconstruction of the 6th c. terracotta decoration. Silver didrachm, bull with human head and legend kampan(os) Silver didrachm, bull with human head and nike, legend neopoliton. Capua votive statues from sanctuary of fondo patturelli. Another male role: the elderly magistrate capua, painted tomb, 350 325. Doric frieze and terracotta decoration of temple of cumae built in second half of 4th c. in location of later capitolium. Archeological testimonies of the roman-samnite wars: rome, sarcophagus of scipio barbatus. Fragment of wall painting from a tomb near the esquiline gate from early 3rd c. bc, possible that of q. fabius rullianus, victorious over the samnites in 322 and 295 bce. Pe(cid:374)(cid:374)e a(cid:374)t"a(cid:374)d(cid:396)ea, i(cid:374)s(cid:272)(cid:396)iptio(cid:374) (cid:449)ith the fi(cid:396)st afi(cid:374)is(cid:373), (cid:1009)th c. The term safinism in a 2nd c. inscription from a sanctuary.

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Assume you have a 20m x 100m greenhouse with 2.4m sidewalls, an open-gable interior roof and a roof at an 18.4 degree
angle (i.e., a typical 4â rise on 12â run roof line). You are growing plants that release into the greenhouse the equivalent
of 2500 gallons of liquid water/day-acre of growing area (in the form of water vapor). Additionally, the plants absorb
0.19 kg CO2/hr-100m2 of growing area. The ambient CO2 entering the greenhouse is 340 ppm. The outside air entering
the greenhouse through the ventilation system is 20oC and 50% RH. The greenhouse glass (R=0.8 m2-oC/W; air films NOT
included) receives 670 W/m2 of short-wave solar energy, 60% of which transmits through the glass where 30% of this
energy is absorbed within the greenhouse and used to heat the surrounding greenhouse air. You want to maintain the
following conditions: a). Inside temperature of the greenhouse no more than 10oC above ambient levels, b). CO2 inside
the greenhouse at 1200 ppm, during the 12 hours of daily sunlight, and c). the inside relative humidity at 70%.
1. (2) Determine the mass of water vapor produced in the greenhouse per second, hour, and day.
2. (2) Determine the mass flow rate of dry-air required to maintain the desired humidity ratio, W, in the greenhouse.
3. (4) Determine the mass of CO2 uptake by the plants to maintain photosynthesis per second, hour, and day.
4. (4) Using the mass flow rate of dry-air determined in (2), determine the amount of CO2 that must be added inside the
greenhouse to maintain the desired concentration of 1200 ppm.
5. (3) Determine the UA-value for the greenhouse.
6. (3) Determine the net solar energy absorbed inside the greenhouse that is available for sensible heating. Assume the
solar load is transmitting only through the roof surface area.
7. (4) Determine the mass flow rate of dry-air required to maintain the desired greenhouse air temperature.
8. (4) Assume that you want to ventilate the greenhouse at the larger of the rates determined for a water vapor balance
and energy (i.e., dry-bulb temperature) balance. At this rate, and using the CO2 generation rate determined in (4),
determine the resulting relative humidity, humidity ratio, dry-bulb temperature, and CO2.
9. (4) Plot using excel, the concentration of CO2 inside the greenhouse (in ppm) given the supply rate determined in (4),
as a function of the mass flow rate of dry-air through the greenhouse. Label the x-y axis (variable + units), use a scatter
graph, and label your legend. You are plotting CO2 concentration (y-axis) versus mass flow rate of dry-air (x-axis). You
will be graded on the accuracy of your solution and the professionalism of your plot.

Written Assignment: Biology and Technology in the Real World

Addresses course outcomes 1-4:

recognize and explain how the scientific method is used to solve problems

make observations and discriminate between scientific and pseudoscientific explanations

weigh evidence and make decisions based on strengths and limitations of scientific knowledge and the scientific method

use knowledge of biological principles, the scientific method, and appropriate technologies to ask relevant questions, develop hypotheses, design and conduct experiments, interpret results, and draw conclusions

1. Select one of the topics listed below.

2. Find at least three information sources related to the topic. You can find assistance with searching for articles at the UMUC Library Subject Guides at http://libguides.umuc.edu/science.

3. Write a 750-1500 word paper, excluding references and title page. You must read the information sources that you find and summarize the information in your own words, addressing each of the questions and expectations for your chosen topic. Extensive quotes from the article are discouraged. Use APA style for citing references, see https://www.umuc.edu/library/libhow/apa_tutorial.cfm

4. Post your assignment to the Assignment folder by the due date listed in the course schedule.

Topics (select one from the list below or from the expanded list of topics posted on November 16th in the announcements section)

a) Genetically modified organisms (GMOs). What is the purpose genetic engineering of crop plants and domestic animals? Briefly explain how GMOs are created. What foods in your supermarket contain GMOs? Are foods that contain GMOs safe for human consumption? What types of regulations exist for these foods? Clearly explain your reasoning for each answer.

b) Stem cells. Your friend had a spinal cord injury after a bad car accident. The medical team has decided that he is a good candidate for a clinical trial using stem cell therapy. Your friend has not had a biology course since high school, so you decide to write him a letter sharing your knowledge of stem cells. Include in your letter a description of the biology of stem cells and how these cells are unique from other cells. Contrast the different types of stem cells, including pros and cons of each. Explain how stems cells are can be used to treat diseases and injury, with special focus on spinal cord injuries. Conclude with your own opinion.

c) Fracking (hydraulic fracturing) and tar sands (oil sands). With society's dependence on nonrenewable fossil fuels, the oil & gas industry is turning to the use of hydraulic fracturing and tar (oil) sands to extract natural gas and oil respectively. A friend asks you "What's all this controversy in the news about fracking and tar sands?" Briefly explain to your friend how hydraulic fracturing and tar (oil) sands are used to obtain these fossil fuels. Then, in more detail, describe the environmental problems that may result from these processes and why they are controversial. Issues that may be addressed involves, but are not limited to, water, air and soil pollution, effects on human health, effects on other species and natural ecosystems. Finally, give your opinions on possible solutions to these environmental problems, with your reasoning backed by the references that you studied.

Show transcribed image text 47 EXPERIMENT 47 Report Sheet 1. The kind of fruit drink appl Jwic 2. Molarity of iodine solution ad 3. Titration results Sample 1 (100 mL) Sample 2 (20.0 mL) Sample 3 (30.0 mL) a. Initial buret reading b. Final buret reading c. Total volume of iodine ,',ã¼, mL u. 2 mL 2.5 mL 4.amL 10.5 mL 10.5 mL 20.5 mL solution used: (b)-(a) 4. The weight of vitamin C in the fruit drink sample: [(3c) x 1.76 mg/mL] 5. Concentration of vitamin C in the fruit drink (mg/100 mL): [(4)/volume of drink] x 100 O,20,30 5S 6. Average concentration of vitamin Cin the fruit drink 52 mg/100 mL
Post-Lab Questions 1. Use the average concentration of vitamin C from your data, and calculate the volume that would satisfy your minimum daily requirement of vitamin C. Show your work 2. Vitamin C is ascorbie acid. If you examine the structure of ascorbic acid given in the Background t. In the structure shown, the ascorbic acid is section (equation 2), there is no -COOH grou - as a lactone or cyclic ester. Write the equation for the hydrolysis (cleavage by addition of water) of E ste the lactone to the carboxylic acid. 3. Write the net ionic equation for the conversion of iodine, la, to iodide, I. What kind of reaction is this? 4. Refer to the Background section and examine the chemical reaction for the oxidation of ascorbic acid (equation 2) a. What happened to the hydrogen atoms that were present in the ascorbic acid? b. Acid was added in the titration, but it is not present in equation (2) in a stoichiometric amount. So, what is the purpose of the acid? 5. The iodine for this experiment is in the form of 15, and not 12 (see equation (1), Background section]. Why is this form of iodine used? 577
ts for General Organic and Blochemistry Bettelheim/Landesberg Vitamin C is oxidized by 12 (as 15) according to the following chemical reaction: HO-CH- CH2OH HO-CH-CH,OH O. . o 2HI Ð½ Ð¾Ð½ Ð¾Ð½ Oxidized product (MW 174) (MW 254) Vitamin C (MW 176) As vitamin C is oxidized by iodine, I2 becomes reduced to I. When the end point is reached (no vitamin C is left), the excess of 12 will react with a starch indicator to form a starch-iodine complex, which is blackish-blue in color. I2 +starch iodine-starch complex (blackish-blue) It is worthwhile to know that although vitamin C is very stable when dry, it is readily oxidized by air (oxygen) when in solution; therefore, a solution of vitamin C should not be exposed to air for long periods. The amount of vitamin C can be calculated by using the following conversion factor 41 mL of 12 (0.01 M) = 1.76 mg vitamin C OBJECTIVE To determine the amount of vitamin C that is present in certain commercial food products by the titration method. Pro to this laboratory, there are techniques that you should revieo. You uoll find the relevant techmiques in the following experiments: (a) Use of the Spectroline pipet filler is in Experiment 2; (b) buret use and titration techniques are im Experiment 19.
terps Tile logical antioxidant (reducing agent). It helps to keep the iron in the yme, prolyl hydroxylase, in the reduced form and, thereby, it helps to to prevent scurvy is ascorbic acid. It is a powerful Acave ingredient in fruits and intain th thesis of normal ions and broken blood vessels. e enzyme activity. Prolyl hydroxylase is essential for the collagen. In scurvy, the abnormal collagen causes skin Vitamin C cannot be synthesized tained from the diet ( in the human body and must be e.g., citrus fruits, broccoli, turnip greens, sweet ppers, tomatoes) or by taking synthetic vitamin C (e.g, vitamin C blets, "high-C" drinks, and other vitamin C-fortified commercial foods). he minimum recommended adult daily requirement of vitamin C to y is 60 mg. Some people, among them the late Linus Pauling, wice Nobel Laureate, suggested that very large daily doses (250-10,000 ng) of vitamin C could help prevent the common cold, or at least lessen he symptoms for many individuals. No reliable medical data support this At present, the human quantitative requirement for vitamin C is still revent scurv claim. In this experiment, the amount of vitamin C is determined quantita- tively by titrating the test solution with a water-soluble form of iodine, I5: controversial and requires further research. [I: 1:1: -(triioode ion) (1) :11:+:1:-- Expanded octets 569

CLST 420 Midterm: PhotosMidterm2

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