[PHGY 350] - Midterm Exam Guide - Ultimate 31 pages long Study Guide!
5 Oct 2016
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Essentials can be found in lecture slides but the textbook material is very important to solidify information. Midterm: 40% - thursday october 27, 7-9 pm. Genetic apparatus: e. g. radiation damages dna. Rapidly dividing cells most susceptible will be damaged first. Effects often not seen until cell divides: nuclei break down. Membrane integrity: cell lysis, diagnostic tool: isoenzyme measurement. Heart and liver release ast (sgot) aminotransferase (more unspecific, cannot really tell if from heart or from liver) Amylase (when that is released, there is damage to particular organ . Atp production pancreas damage indicator: injury causes decrease in na/k-atpase activity. Gangrene (bacteria that causes gangrene is anaerobic) thrives in anaerobic conditions (e. g. ischemia, hypoxia) Gangrene looks black because when blood stops flowing, releases hemoglobin and the iron component causes the discoloration. Anything with oxygen radical is called a reactive oxygen. May be a normal enzyme by product e. g. xanthine oxidase.
