PHL 302 Study Guide - Normative Ethics, Immanuel Kant, Kantian Ethics

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coffeeprairie-dog40

5 May 2011

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More specifically, for the deontologist, the question is not whether the action has the right kinds of consequences but whether it is done for the right kinds of reasons. www. notesolution. com. For the deontologist, an action performed for the right reasons is an action that one has a duty to perform. : i must only keep my promises when they benefit me. It undermines the practice of promise-giving (no one would put stock in promises). www. notesolution. com. It tells us what to do in all situations. This can be universalized, at least without logical contradiction. Moreover, it can be universalized without violating the maxim that we should treat everyone as an end in him or herself and never merely as a means to our own ends. For kant, then, one should never lie has the form of a moral law grounded in a duty that everyone has.

Related Questions

Could you please proofread and correct scientifically andgrammatically my work, thanks ^_^

Here itis:

The percentage error was found to be 0.186% and 6.66%respectively.

This implies that the predicted value of the freefall accelerationis fairly accurate while the predicated value of deceleration isnot as much. The encountered errors were due to severalexperimental and human limitation was that the experiment involved.The experimental limitation was due to the uncertainty of theclinometer which was Â± 0.5o.

I.e. In our calculation, a difference of 0.5o can lead to adifference of 40 - 80 cm in height as shown below:

The human limitations was due to the human eye being unable todetect the exact point on the track at which the gondoladecelerates. This is because the braking happened very quickly.This adds an uncertainty to the location of deceleration when theangels are being measured.

In addition, the human ability cannot decide on the exact period oftime at which the gondola freefalls or decelerates. This is due tothe human reaction speed being unable to exactly determine thestart time of the momentary freefall and deceleration. The timetaken for humans to react cannot be measured thus it cannot besubtracted from the findings to get an accurate timing.

All of these limitations that have affected the accuracy of theresults could be avoided to some extent by marking the exact zonesrequired on the track of the giant drop as well as using anelectronic angle measurer to measure the angles . Additionally, theusage of an electronic timer to measure periods of the freefall anddeceleration is also suggested.

During the analysis, finding an average to the deceleration in theaccelerometer reading (using Logger Pro) was only estimated usingthe human naked eye. This is because an average could not be takenelectronically. Thus, there is also some uncertainty involved inthe theoretical value.

NOTE:

The value for freefall acceleration obtained from thevideo-analysis technique was 9.754 Â± 0.3237 m/s2. 9.754 m/s2 has apercentage error of :
0.469%

This value indicates it is fairly accurate and can be used as aconforming result to the theoretical value. The error involved isdue to the fact that the video was shaking, thus plotting thevelocity/ time graph of the gondola at different times wasnegatively affected; although the axes was roughly re-set at everyframe.

The kinetic theory of gases states that the kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas. A relationship between the microscopic properties of the gas molecules and the macroscopic properties of the gas can be derived using the following assumptions: The gas is composed of pointlike particles separated by comparatively large distances. The gas molecules are in continual random motion with collisions being perfectly elastic. The gas molecules exert no long-range forces on each other. One of the most important microscopic properties of gas molecules is velocity. There are several different ways to describe statistically the average velocity of a molecule in a gas. The most obvious measure is the average velocity Vavg. However, since the molecules in a gas are moving in random directions, the average velocity is approximately zero. Another measure of velocity is (V^2)avg, the average squared velocity. Since the square of velocity is always positive, this measure does not average to zero over the entire gas. A third measure is the root-mean-square (rms) speed,Vrms , equal to the square root of (V^2)avg. The rms speed is a good approximation of the the typical speed of the molecules in a gas. This histogram (Figure 1) shows a theoretical distribution of speeds of molecules in a sample of nitrogen () gas. In this problem, you'll use the histogram to compute properties of the gas.

Part A

What is the average speed

of the molecules in the gas?

Part B

Because the kinetic energy of a single molecule is related to its velocity squared, the best measure of the kinetic energy of the entire gas is obtained by computing the mean squared velocity, $(v^2)_{\rm avg}$ , or its square root. The quantityis more common than $(v^2)_{\rm avg}$ because it has the dimensions of velocity instead of the less-familiar velocity-squared.