BPK 105 Midterm: Module 4 - Overview and Objectives - Part 1
27 Apr 2018
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Module 4 - Overview and Objectives - Part 1
Overview
- nervous system involved in monitoring, controlling, or regulating almost every function in
the body.
- A stimulus that triggers a response may be internal (blood pressure, temperature) or
external (sound, smell).
- Stimuli are integrated in the spinal cord or the brain, where the decision to respond is
made.
- Stimulation of muscle contraction, changes in glandular activity, and negative feedback
to maintain homeostasis, are examples of responses that occur quite regularly.
- nervous system = it is divided into regions designated by functional roles.
- Central nervous system = brain and spinal cord. the site of integration and response.
- Peripheral nervous system = all the nervous tissue found outside the central nervous
system.
- Peripheral system is divided into cells propagating outgoing signals, the autonomic and
somatic divisions, [cns to periphery] and cells bringing signals to the central nervous
system from the periphery, the sensory system. [periphery to cns]
- Much like the action potential occurring in muscular tissue, the movement of charged
ions creates electrical signals in neurons.
- A rush of sodium down its concentration and electrical gradients into the cell results in a
positive signal or cell depolarization. [sodium into cell]
- A negative signal, or hyperpolarization, can occur when potassium moves out of the cell,
or the negatively charged chloride ion moves into the cell. [potassium out of cell]
[chlorine into cell]
Objectives
After completing this module you will be able to:
● List the functions of the nervous system.
1. Receiving sensory input
-sensory receptors monitor numerous external and internal stimuli
-aware of some (vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, pain, body position, temperature)
-not aware of others (blood pH, blood gases, blood pressure)
2. Integrating information
-brain and spinal cord are major organs for processing sensory input and initiating responses
-input may produce an intermediate response, be stored as memory or be ignored
3. Controlling Muscles and Glands
-skeletal muscles normally contract only when stimulated by nervous system
-control muscles = nervous system controls major body movement
-control cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and many glands
Document Summary
Module 4 - overview and objectives - part 1. Overview nervous system involved in monitoring, controlling, or regulating almost every function in the body. A stimulus that triggers a response may be internal (blood pressure, temperature) or external (sound, smell). Stimuli are integrated in the spinal cord or the brain, where the decision to respond is made. Stimulation of muscle contraction, changes in glandular activity, and negative feedback to maintain homeostasis, are examples of responses that occur quite regularly. nervous system = it is divided into regions designated by functional roles. Central nervous system = brain and spinal cord. the site of integration and response. Peripheral nervous system = all the nervous tissue found outside the central nervous system. Peripheral system is divided into cells propagating outgoing signals, the autonomic and somatic divisions, [cns to periphery] and cells bringing signals to the central nervous system from the periphery , the sensory system.
