BPK 142 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Shoulder Girdle, Hinge Joint, Thoracic Vertebrae
27 Apr 2018
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Study Questions
1. Describe the functions of the patella. How is the patella different from other bones of the leg?
(Knee bone) Between the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone). Allows the range of motion between the two.
increases leverage of tendon.
The primary function is knee extension. It also protects the knee joint and maintains the position of the tendon during
knee flexion. It is a at sesamoid bone (covers tendons and aids in motion) used for protection rather than support.
2. Name the bones of the pectoral girdle and the bones of the pelvic girdle. Compare the pectoral and pelvic girdles
with regard to strength, function, and versatility.
Pectoral girdle: clavicle and sternum.
pelvic girdle: ilium, ischium, pubis.
The pectoral and pelvic girdles are both sockets for limb articulation. The pectoral girdle is larger but does not bear
much weight, while the pelvic girdle is lightweight but weight-bearing. Pectoral has higher range of motion and is
more versatile.
The pectoral (shoulder) girdle permits movement of the upper limbs by connecting the upper limbs to the axial
skeleton.
Pelvic girdle connects the trunk and the legs, supports and balances the trunk, and contains and supports the
intestines, the urinary bladder, and the internal sex organs.
Pectoral muscle: Less strength, more mobile and versatile
Pelvic muscle: Built for weight bearing, more stable, less versatile.
3. What functions does the clavicle serve in the skeletal system?
It connects arm to body and keeps scapula in place so the arm can hang freely. Keeps upper arms away from thorax.
Supports the upper arm and scapula
- Improves leverage and strength
- Absorbs shock from the upper torso
transfers force from upper limb to axial skeleton
- protects neuromuscular structures
- Attachment point for muscles and tendons
4. To which bones does the scapula articulate?
The humerus and the clavicle.
5. Describe the bony arrangements which are involved in the elbow joint.
Humerus, radius, ulna
Humeroulnar joint: Hinge joint, allows for only exion and extension
movements
Humeroradial joint: Ball-and-socket joint
Superior radioulnar joint: Any position of exion and extension. Radius can
be rotated. Allows for pronation and supination movements
6. Describe the differences between a male pelvis and a female pelvis.
Female wider than male. Male has heart shaped opening and female has oval shaped opening.
Female: lighter, thinner bones
7. Compared the elbow joint and knee joint in terms of structure and function?
Document Summary
Study questions: describe the functions of the patella. How is the patella different from other bones of the leg? (knee bone) between the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone). Allows the range of motion between the two. increases leverage of tendon. It also protects the knee joint and maintains the position of the tendon during knee flexion. It is a at sesamoid bone (covers tendons and aids in motion) used for protection rather than support: name the bones of the pectoral girdle and the bones of the pelvic girdle. Compare the pectoral and pelvic girdles with regard to strength, function, and versatility. Pectoral girdle: clavicle and sternum. pelvic girdle: ilium, ischium, pubis. The pectoral and pelvic girdles are both sockets for limb articulation. The pectoral girdle is larger but does not bear much weight, while the pelvic girdle is lightweight but weight-bearing. Pectoral has higher range of motion and is more versatile.
