MBB 222 Study Guide - Final Guide: Prokaryotic Small Ribosomal Subunit, Pyrrolysine, Nonsense Mutation

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Mbb222 exam vocab definitions: translation fidelity and termination. The trna discriminator base is present in the anticodon loop and it is responsible for the specific recognition by aminoacyl-trna synthetase. It allows the for this enzyme to discriminate between different trnas. The aminoacylation of trna does 2 things: Activate an amino acid for peptide bond formation. Ensures appropriate placement of the amino acid in a growing polypeptide. For the bacterial ribosome, the proofreading mechanism is done by the ef-tu (refer to below) Unlike proofreading in dna polymerase, in the ribosome the incorrect aminoacyl-trna can be eliminated before it is joined to the growing polymer. Each transfer reaction active site has an associated hydrolytic active site for. Refers to adding the correct new residue (amino acid) to the template. Shape of the base-pair is important as it allows for fidelity (the specific fit) Factors necessary for elongation in bacteria including ef-tu, ef-g.