PSYCO104 Study Guide - Final Guide: Recombinant Dna, Phenotypic Trait, Heritability

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYCO104
• Professor: Karsten Loepelmann

Document Summary

Chromosomes (chapters), genes (sentences), dna (words), nucleotides (letters) Mendel: passing on of specific organic factors is not a simple blending of the parents" characteristics. Genetic endowment + environmental forces [can impact genetically inherited potential of an organism i. e. phenotype (adaptation)] = behaviour. Genetic endowment = genetic makeup (genotype) + observable characteristics (phenotype) Genes: contained within the dna, holds instructions for cell function (by turning protein production on/off, which affect chemical reactions that alter cell structures). This control of proteins is in response to metabolic demands and environmental factors. Every cell has 46 chromosomes, 23 in sperm and 23 in the egg. Half of all genes impact brain structure and function by controlling protein levels in turn controlling neuron activity and neural circuits. Recessive genes only show when partner gene is also recessive, it can then be passed on. Polygenic transmission: multiple gene pairs combine and create a phenotypic trait even if not dominant.