SOC224 Study Guide - Final Guide: Power Drift, Misfeasance, Iceberg Theory
13 Dec 2015
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Types of deviance: research fraud, credentials people claim to have degrees/knowledge that they don"t actually have, plagiarism, salaries, exploitation (of students, non-tenure stream teachers, gate keeping specifically choosing which information to allow to be published. Disreputable errors not following the right methodologies, omitting important elements of the experimental design. Grey areas sloppy note taking, poor citations. Types of data manipulation: i. ii. iii. iv. Trimming: cutting out data so results support or don"t contradict hypotheses. Cooking: putting data together, adding a little bit to improve results. Hoaxing: occurs when one scholar wants to discredit another area of scholarship he/she makes up a completely made up piece of research. Theories of deviance in science: i. ii. iii. iv. Iceberg theory: what we see is only a small amount of what is going on. Bad apples theory: in every group, a small number of deviants exist. This theory shifts the blame to the individual.
