BIOL 1090 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Allele, Penetrance, Barr Body
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5 Dec 2017
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Structures of dna and rna: both dna and rna are polymers, each subunit consists of a phosphate group and a 5-carbon sugar (pentose does not have hydroxyl group on. 2nd carbon: purines: guanine and adenine, pyrimidines: cytosine and thymine, uracil (rna only, purines and pyrimidines are connected by phosphodiester bonds between the 5" and 3" carbons, dna is double stranded and strands run antiparallel. >dna packaged into supercoils of nucleotide pairs connected by linker regions (can be digested by endonuclease) >dna is wrapped around 8 histone proteins to create nucleosome core. >9th histone protein h1 is added to form complete nucleosome. >histone h1 plays a large role in nucleosomal interaction. >30 nm fiber is basic structural unit of metaphase chromosome. Third level-attachment of 30nm fibre to no-histone protein scaffold. >cohesin: holds sister chromatids together after dna synthesis. >provide the point of attachment of chromosomes to microtubules in the mitotic spindle. >facilitate replication of the ends of the linear dna.
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