NUTR 4210 Study Guide - Final Guide: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Adiponectin, Cachexia
13 Dec 2017
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Insulin resistance & type ii diabetes: uptake, storage of lipids. Peripheral obesity: subq fat; excess below the waist; not a major health risk factor. Central (abdominal) obesity: excess visceral fat around stomach & waist; very strong indicator of health risk! Visceral fat is best quanti ed by mri, ct scans, but 23305$ Waist circumference = easiest clinical measure to predict visceral fat stores. Independent predictor of all-cause mortality in men. Associated with insulin resistance: a consequence of defects in insulin signalling that leads to impaired glut4 translocation to the membrane, leads to reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. Fasting hyperglycaemia: >7 mm (indicative of type ii diabetes) Increased, normal or low [ ] of insulin depending on stage of development. Insulin resistance & type ii diabetes can be assessed by: oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt, euglycemic/hyperinsulinemic clamp. Measures acute metabolic response to glucose ingesting at the whole body level. Diagnostic criteria at2 hours after the drink:
