EOSC 326 : 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21

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Animals that stay in one place are more likely to be preserved than mobile animals. Indirect preservation: carbonization common in fish, insects, and plants. Fossils are preserved as thin films of carbon. Learning objectives: compare and contrast a bioherm and a mound, list and explain the controls of bioherm growth and development; Bioherms (aka reefs) are the product of organic processes. Organisms that are almost exclusively benthic cementers live in one place for an extended period of time, and produce carbonate structures. Mounds are steep cone- like structures or flat lenses of relatively small size. They typically form in quiet water environments, they are made of mud and lack a macroscopic skeletal structure. Reefs are restricted to shallow, clear, tropical waters. The majority of reefs are restricted to the photic zone. Temperature: ideally between 25- 29 c, but can grow between 18- 36 c. Salinity: ideally between 25- 35ppt, but will grow between 22- 40ppt.

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