BCH 3120 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Malonyl-Coa, Fatty Acid Synthase, Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase
30 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Major lipid synthetic and degradation pathways and their compartmentalization and mammalian cells. Regulation of lipid metabolic pathways under different conditions. Energy production, insulation, storage, hormone production, cell membrane structure, fat soluble vitamins (a,d,e,k), signaling molecules. 1 double bond between carbon 9 and 10. All naturally occurring lipids and synthesized are in the cis conformation. Lipids are used to produce energy, extra lipids are stored as triglycerides. There is no mechanism that regulates how much fat is stored, usage of fat stores is a regulated process hormonally controlled (insulin will inhibit and epinephrine will promote) Hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl) activated to breakdown diglycerides. Three successive cleavage steps that will yield 3 glycerol used for glucose synthesis and production of energy. Hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl) is the one that is regulated, can act on all 3 forms but its 10x more effect with dg as the substrate. Atgl and mgl do the same function, release a fatty acid but have different substrate specificity.
