[HSS2381] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (52 pages long!)

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Hss2381 - lecture 1 - introduction to statistical data analysis. Research is what we do when we have a question or a problem we want to resolve. We may already think we know the answer to our question already. We may think the answer is obvious, common sense even. But until we have subjected our problem to rigorous scientific scrutiny, our "knowledge" remains little more than guesswork or at best, intuition. Research questions are about what you want to know. Not about what you want to do. Systematically observe changes in the phenomena of interest while manipulating what are believed to be causal influences. Systematic scientific investigation of data and their relationships. The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories and hypotheses pertaining to natural phenomena. Measuring is key in quantitative research because it shows the relationship between data and observation. Educated guess or presumption based on literature.