PHI 1101 Study Guide - The Slippery Slope, Ad Hominem, Penknife

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10 Jul 2014
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PHI 1101 Full Course Notes
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Certain types of defective arguments happen so frequently that they have been given names. These are known as fallacies, and such arguments are said to be fallacious". They are psychologically persuasive, though logically powerless. We study fallacies because we need to be able to detect them. Make sure you know these because you will need to be able to spot them and name them when you see them. Appeal to ignorance: arguing that a lack of evidence proves something. In one type of this fallacy, the problem arises by thinking that a claim must be true because it hasn"t been shown to be false. No one has shown that ghosts aren"t real, so they must be real. ". The problem is that lack of evidence is supposed to prove something but it can"t. A lack of evidence alone can neither prove nor disprove a proposition. A lack of evidence simply reveals our ignorance about something.

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