BIOA01H3 Study Guide - Comprehensive Midterm Guide: Advantageous, Genotype Frequency, Polyphyly

• School: UTSC
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOA01H3
• Professor: Mark Fitzpatrick

Document Summary

Natural selection: when there is a variation that is heritable the variants best suited for growth and reproduction will contribute to the next generation. Environmental variation: variation among individuals due to differences in the environment (e. x some apples on tree have better sunlight) Genetic variation: differences in genetic material transmitted from parents to offspring. Differences in dna can lead to differences in rna and proteins which affect molecular functions o cells and ulti- mately physical differences. Mutations > random errors during dna replication, environmental factors (uv radiation) Harmful mutations die out after a few generations and mutations that are neither harmful nor beneficial can persist for thousands of years and those that are beneficial gradually become incorporated into the genetic makeup of species. Evolution predicts a nested pattern of relatedness among species depicted as a tree. Phenotype: observable trait (human height or wing colour)