BIOA02H3 Midterm: textbook-notes
12 Jun 2016
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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
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Timeline: green algae, bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms. Cell walls made of cellulose unlike animal cells. Plant life cycle is known as an alteration of generations life cycle. Animals: diploid stage dominated the life cycle, produces gametes by meiosis, gametes fuse to produce a new diploid stage. Land plants: have two multicellular stages in their life cycles. One diploid and one haploid: the diploid generation produces spores and is called sporophyte, the haploid generation produces gametes by mitosis and is called a gametophyte. The embryo is retained inside gametophyte tissue. Cyanobacteria was the first to adapt to intertidal zones and then spread into shallow, costal streams. Later green algae and fungi made the same journey. 480 million years ago group of green algae ancestors of modern plants: lived in moist environment, evidence suggests that these algae were charophytes. Both groups have cellulose cell walls store energy captured during photosynthesis as starch and contain chlorophyll a and b.
