EESB04H3 Study Guide - Wormhole, Pedogenesis, Throughflow
Document Summary
Lecture 2: hydrological concepts and physical properties of water. Water balance: s = in out. The hydrological cycle (assuming input = output: the land receives more precipitation than evapotranspiration, oceans evaporate more than it receives precipitation, excess of water on land returns to oceans as runoff, which balances #1 and #2. Principle driving forces of the hydrological cycle: solar energy and gravity. Spatial variability in global precipitation (the middle finger graph) High precipitation + low evapotranspiration = high runoff. Low precipitation + high evapotranspiration = low runoff. Deterministic known physical relationships, more robust. Basic models: inputs model outputs. Complex models: outputs may be used for inputs for another model. Small change = not sensitive, big change = sensitive. Models are made for relative comparisons, and variables with no sensitivity are insignificant in the model. Hydrogen bonding, strong covalent bonds between o and h. Without h-bonding, water would be a gas (water vapour) at room temperature.
