LINA02H3- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 37 pages long!)
Document Summary
Language classi cation: genetic classi cation: group languages into families based into familiar typology, linguistic typology: based on structural characteristics (sound patterns, gramma, whats common in the languages, language universals. A grammatical characteristic present in all or most languages. Absolute: single feature in all language: linguistic features holds in all languages, e. g. all languages have consents and vowels. Implication universals: it a language have feature x it like have y. Markedness: marked traits: more complex and rare forms in human language, unmarked traits: common features, if a marked traits is found, the unmarked counterpart is also found, eg. oral vowels: unmarked nasal vowels: marked, nasal vowels: marked. Maximise the distant in ipa chart to max the sound: implication. If a language has fricatives and affricate, it always have stops. Syllable structure: all languages have cv, cv and v are unmarked.
