PSYC62H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Ghb Receptor, Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Opioid Receptor
17 Apr 2016
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It"s a pychostimulant member of xanthine chemical class: 90% of americans consumer. Pharmacokinetics: peak plasma level reached at two hours, liver metabolizes it. Caffeines primary action is antagonism of adenosine receptors. By blocking these receptors, caffeine prevents the otherwise inhibitory effect adenosine has on the cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons. Increased hr, blood-vessel contriction, increased breathing rate, reduced appetite, alertness, positive mood. Tolerance occurs with caffeines acute subjective effects: positive mood, alertness, anxiety. Tolerance can not occur with physiological effects: cardiovascular changes and b-v constriction. Alcohol is most commonly used depressant: serves as cns depressant, consumed mostly in russa. Dehydrogenase) acetic acid and acetate water and co2. Alcohol and gabaa receptors: alcohol is a gabaa receptor (+) modulator. Reinforcing to nucleus accumbens and vta: chronic administration of alcohol leads to reduced gabaa receptor levels. Alcohol and glutamate nmda receptors: produces depressant effects by inhibiting excitatory glutamate nmda receptors, chronic alcohol use increases number of nmda receptors.
