BIO130H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Homologous Chromosome, Sister Chromatids, Cleavage Furrow

• School: UTSG
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO130H1
• Professor: Melody Neumann

Document Summary

Made up of two strands forming a double helix. Nucleosomes (consists of a length of dna coiled around histone) stack on one another. Individual units of each strand of dna = nucleotides: phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base, 4 bases in dna: adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine. 1 ring = pyrimidine, 2 rings = purine: pairs are called complementary base pairs. Sugar phosphate backbone, base pairs with hydrogen bonding. In eukaryotic cells, dna stays inside nuclear membrane. Making exact copies of dna: replicated during interphase. Double helix unwinds and each strand serves as a template. Coding strand => template strand => copy of dna/rna: every 3 letters of dna = codon (corresponds to 1 amino acid) Karyotype: picture of all chromosomes in one cell of body. Normal body cell = human somatic cell. Chromosomal errors/abnormalities: during process of meiosis, errors can be made.