BCH210H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Cyclohexane Conformation, Modular Arithmetic, Lysozyme
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BCH210H1 Full Course Notes
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They catalyze thermodynamically favourable reactions to speed them up extraordinarily, which makes them suitable for biological function as they catalyze important reactions. Urease was the first enzyme to be discovered in 1926. Enzymes can have varying catalytic power (enzyme catalyzed rate / no catalysis, up to 1016 times, high power means fast enzyme, urease is 3 * 104 / 3 * 10-10 = 1014). Enzymes have to be regulated in cells for appropriate mechanism. Enzymes have a high yield of products (>95%, no waste). There are 6 classes of enzymes (check dropbox file for reactions): oxidoreductases (oxidation reduction reactions): in these types of reactions, a substance is oxidized and another substance is reduced. Oxidases, dehydrogenases, reductases: transferases (group transfer reactions): move things around (kinase for phosphorylation, hydrolases: catalyze hydrolysis with water as substrate (protease, nuclease, lipase, esterase, chymotrypsin/trypsin) Lyases: create/add to double bond, can also be called synthases (catalyzes addition reactions, such as making fatty acids and releasing carbon dioxide.
