EEB322H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Evolutionary Arms Race, Whooping Crane, Bighorn Sheep
28 Apr 2016
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Many costs to group living: share food, mates, vulnerable to parasites, sociality, infanticide, sneaky behaviour, conspicuous to predators. Dominance interactions: cichlids prefer to join groups with larger numbers and more aggressive ones with less social standings=less expensive to socialize" but provides protection. Infanticide: acorn woodpecker: when joining a join nest 1/3 of all laid eggs are destroyed, but once they lay on the same day they stop removingstill very expensive. Benefits to group living: increased capacity to deal with the physical environment. Energy conservation--clustering minimizes the costs of thermoregulation (bats, penguins). Baboons: trade-off- conflicts and fights but have lower predation risks with larger groups. Evolutionary arms race: predators create a huge stress on prey survival. Prey must evolve to counteract mechanisms to avoid extinction. How to be a good predator vs. avoid dying. Step: encounter, detection, identify, approach, capture, consume.
