PSY240H1 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Schizophrenia, Major Depressive Disorder, Comorbidity
PSY240H1
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Wednesday, September 13, 2017
PSY240H1 —Abnormal Psychology !
Lecture #1
-Abnormal: Abnormal Psychology/Clinical Psychology/Psychopathology all names for the
field of study that is concerned with nature and development of abnormal affect (feelings/
emotions), behaviours (actions), and cognitions (thoughts).
-Abnormality is usually determined by the presences of several characteristics at one time:
Statistical Infrequency (Normal Distribution Curve on Slide)
Violation of Norms
Personal Suffering
Disability of Disfunction
Unexpectedness
-Mental Health Vs Mental illness (if you have questions just google the video — Pretty Simple
IMO)
-FINAL EXAM IS NOT CUMULATIVE
The History of Mental Illness and Mental Healthcare
-Very Early Beliefs: Earliest civilizations believed that mental disorders and strange behaviour
were caused by the supernatural — eclipses, earthquakes, storms, fires, diseases.
-Widespread belief in demonology
-Evil beings (e.g. the devil) can live within us and control out minds and bodies.
-Treatment — exorcism, trepanning (early therapeutic technique where they made a surgical
opening in the skull and would dig around in it a bit and in those days it wasn't just used to
treat mental abnormalities but things like migraines or epilepsy which would also be attributed
to demons or whatever).
-Introducing Western Medicine. Greek Physician Hippocrates (c.460-377 BC) separated
medicine from religion and superstition. Early proponent of somatogenesis - illness is caused
by a physical problem with the body/brain (Not psychic problems).
-He also classified mental illness into: Mania, Melancholia, Phrenitis (brain fever)
!1
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Wednesday, September 13, 2017
-He had this idea that mental illness is a result of imbalances in the four bodily humours
(fluids)
-blood = changeable temperament
-black bile = melancholia
-yellow bile = irritability and anxiousness
-Phlegm = sluggish and dullness
-Medical attention, more humane treatments, and at this point the big step was that the care of
mentally ill fell more under the domain of physicians and not priests and there was a growing
consensus that things like proper nutrition and rest were important for people displaying
abnormal behaviour.
-The Middle Ages and Christianity. So with the Death of Greek physician Galen (c 129-210
AD) = “ The Dark Ages of Medicine”
-Demise of Greco-Roman civilization
-Churches gained an influence, papacy declared indépendant of the state
-Medicine was rooted in Christianity
-Christian monasteries replaced physicians as healers and as authorities on medicine and
mental disorders.
-The problem with this is that it halted medical science and inquiry
-Monks cared for an nursed the ill. They used prayers, touched with relics, connoting potions. !
This is obviously ineffective. Not a lot of progress during this period.
-Important in the development of hospitals. Monestaries were sort of that — Places for sick
people to go outside their homes.
-Demonolgoy Makes a Comeback: 13th to 17th centuries (Late Middle AGes and Renaissance)
saw major social unrest and recurrent famines.
-Renewed obsession with demonology in Europe
-Church became focused on persecution of heresy in order to maintain unity of doctrine.
-Witchcradt = signing a pact to worship the devil
!2
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
1
PSY240H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Abnormal: abnormal psychology/clinical psychology/psychopathology all names for the field of study that is concerned with nature and development of abnormal affect (feelings/ emotions), behaviours (actions), and cognitions (thoughts). Abnormality is usually determined by the presences of several characteristics at one time: Mental health vs mental illness (if you have questions just google the video pretty simple. The history of mental illness and mental healthcare. Very early beliefs: earliest civilizations believed that mental disorders and strange behaviour were caused by the supernatural eclipses, earthquakes, storms, fires, diseases. Evil beings (e. g. the devil) can live within us and control out minds and bodies. Greek physician hippocrates (c. 460-377 bc) separated medicine from religion and superstition. Early proponent of somatogenesis - illness is caused by a physical problem with the body/brain (not psychic problems). He also classified mental illness into: mania, melancholia, phrenitis (brain fever) He had this idea that mental illness is a result of imbalances in the four bodily humours (fluids)
