SOC212H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Informal Social Control, Social Disorganization Theory, Peer Group
Document Summary
March 16th, 2019: social disorganization theory, the first branch, focuses on conditions within the urban environment that affect crime rates. Indicators include high unemployment and school dropout rates, deteriorated housing, low income levels, and large numbers of single-parent households. 1: cultural transmission, older youths pass norms to younger generation, creating stable slum culture, the transnational neighbourhoods explained crime and delinquency within the context of the changing urban environment and ecological development of the city. In the 1980s, criminologists revived concern about the effects of social disorganization, and social ecologists developed an approach that stressed the relation of community deterioration and economic decline to criminality while placing less emphasis on value conflict. Employment opportunities: crime rates sometimes rise during periods of economic prosperity and fall during period of economic prosperity and fall during periods of economic decline. 2: limited employment opportunities also reduce the stabilizing influence of parents and other adults, who once counteracted the allure of youth gangs.
