VIC342H1- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 33 pages long!)

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Renaissance 1300-1650; revival of classical civilizations, rebirth, emergence of the middle class (upper mobility) you can still make something of yourself most important change that occurred in the renaissance. 1300-1400: italian peninsula = series of independent city states and principalities; no central power or government. At the crossroad between well-developed markets in the east and under-developed markets in the north. Commerce never really at a standstill in italy the early middle ages dominated by the. The italian peninsula always more highly populated than the rest of europe. Feudalism never as strong as in the north. More urban centers because of trade and commerce. Italy = italy was the natural heir to the western roman empire. The myth of rome (architecture, literature, laws) always present. Italy = base for the church (especially after the definite return of the pope from avignon in 1417). Home of the universal church because the pope resided in it.