Biology 2581B Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Intervertebral Foramina, Erector Spinae Muscles, Junghans

• School: Western University
• Department: Biology
• Course: Biology 2581B
• Professor: Susanne Kohalmi

Document Summary

Extrinsic (superficial, responsible for the shoulder and upper limb movements): trapezius, , lattisimus dorsi, rhomboids, levator scapulae. Intermediate (attach to the ribs, involved in respiratory function): serratus posterior superior/inferior. Intrinsic (deep, responsible for posture, vertebral column, head and neck movements, innervated by posterior rami of spinal nerves): splenius capitis/cervicis, erector spinae (iliocostales, longissimus, spinalis), tranversospinales (semispinalis, multifidus, rotares) When the spine is neutral, sidebending to one side will be accompanied by rotation to the. For example, when doing a flexion/extension, the rotation and sidebending will not occur as much. It is the smallest physiological motion of the spine to exhibit biomechanical characteristics similar to those of the entire spine. There are two adjacent vertebrae and the intervertebral disc. The disc is the major restraint to motion and it is crucial for spinal stability. If the disc loses its height, bulges, or is herniated, stability is reduced and there is pain.