Physiology 3140A Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Protein, Cell Membrane, Gene
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Physiology 3140A
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Cellular Physiology 3140 Lecture 1
September 8 2017
What is Cell Physiology?
- Study of how cells work together to perform functions in a living organism
o Genetics, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, etc.
o Communication
▪ Cell to cell
▪ Intracellular communication – membrane to nucleus so nucleus can respond to
what is happening on the outside of the cell
- Membrane transport – how things get in and out of the cell
The Average Cell
- High complexity in the cell
- Nucleus strengthened by nuclear membrane proteins (ex. lamin)
- What’s missing?
o Centrioles
o Bilayer
o Ribosome
o Vesicles
o Cytoskeleton – actin, microtubules, intermediate filaments, etc.
o Specialized organelles – lipid droplet, nucleosos, peroxisome, etc.
o Cell attachment – focal adhesions, etc.
o Etc.
What would be a reasonable analogy of the intracellular environment of a cell?
- Super packed environment
- Makes proteins and has to send them to where they want to be – so they can interact with other
proteins
Reality of cells
- Packed environments
o Issues with molecules finding each other
▪ Once they find each other – you are being pushed into the other molecule because
its so packed
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▪ Easy to maintain in contact because its crowded
o Solved by compartmentalization (by membranes), guided signaling, microdomains of
signaling within the proteins themselves
- So many things packed in this environment
o Histones organize DNA – compact in an efficient way
o mRNA found by proteins
o Spliceosome complex to remove introns, etc.
- Nucleus strengthened by nuclear membrane proteins
Similarities of Cells
- Contain DNA
o All cells have contained DNA AT SOME POINT or continue to contain DNA
- Require Energy
o In the form of ATP
- Function as biochemical factories
o Make a lot of their own stuff
o Autophagy
- Enclosed in a plasma membrane
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
