Psychology 1000 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Sleep Spindle, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
3 Jun 2018
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States of Consciousness
• Consciousness – our moment to moment awareness of ourselves and our environment
o Has various characteristics:
▪ Subjective and Private – reality and experience depend on the individual
▪ Dynamic – consciousness experiences are ever-changing and a
continuous flow of mental activity
▪ Self-reflective and Central to Our Sense of Self – mind is aware of its own
consciousness
Levels of Consciousness
• Freud proposed that the mind consists of three levels:
o Conscious – contains thoughts, perceptions, and other mental events that we are
aware of
o Preconscious – outside of current awareness, but can be recalled under certain
conditions (eg. Reminder is necessary)
o Unconscious – cannot be brought into conscious awareness under ordinary
circumstances (as it would arouse anxiety, guilt, or other negative emotions)
• The Cognitive Unconscious
o Reject notion of an unconscious mind driven by instinctive urges and repressed
conflicts
o View conscious mental life as complementary forms of information processing
o Controlled vs. Automatic Processing
▪ Controlled – voluntary use of attention and conscious effort (studying,
planning, etc.)
▪ Automatic – performed with little or no conscious effort (driving, etc.)
o Divided Attention – ability to perform more than one activity at the same time
▪ More difficult when tasks require similar mental resources
• The Emotional Unconscious
o Emotional and motivational processes also operate unconsciously and influence
behaviour
• The Modular Mind
o Many models propose that the mind is a collection of largely separate but
interacting modules
o Information processing subsystems that perform tasks related to sensation,
perception, memory, problem solving, etc.
o Subjective experience of consciousness arises from the integrated activity of the
various modules
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