Psychology 1000 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Antipsychotic, Gestalt Therapy, Spontaneous Remission
5 Jun 2018
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Meta-analysis: A Look at the Big Picture
▪ Technique of meta-analysis allows researchers to combine the results of many
studies to arrive at an over conclusion
▪ In the psychotherapy research literature they can compute an effect size statistic
that represents a common measure of treatment effectiveness
▪ Effect size tells researchers what percentage of clients who have received therapy
has a more favourable outcome tan that of the average control client who did not
receive the treatment
▪ Smith and Glass…therapy does indeed have positive effects beyond spontaneous
remission
▪ Grissom found that clients who received therapy were likely to have a more
favourable outcome than 70% of those in no-treatment control conditions and 66%
of those in placebo conditions
▪ Psychodynamic, client-cantered, and behavioural approaches were quite similar in
their effectiveness
▪ More positive effects than Gestalt therapy
▪ This finding of similar efficacy for widely differing therapies has been termed the
dodo bird verdict
▪ Other researchers challenge this conclusion, maintaing that the fact that specific
therapies migh be highly effective for treating some clinical disorders but not others
▪ How much do clients have to improve in order to have a successful outcome?
▪ Clinical significance require that at the end of the therapy, clients’ depression
scored fall within the range for non-depressed people
Factors Affecting the Outcome of Therapy
▪ Client variables
o Nature of problem, client motivation
o Three important factors
▪ Openness to therapy- clients willingness to invest themselves in
therapy
▪ Self-relatedness- ability to experience and understand internal states
such as thoughts and emotions and apply what they learn in therapy
to their lived outside of treatment
▪ Nature of the problem- example, specific problems such as phobias
may respond best to a behavioural anxiety-reduction treatment such
as systematic desensitization
▪ Therapist variables
o Empathy, genuineness, experience
o Quality of relationship between client and therapist
o This has the most beneficial effects
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