BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Sister Chromatids, Cleavage Furrow, Chromosome Segregation

89 views4 pages

lavendershark790

7 Nov 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Study Guides, a Grade+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Cell cycle: series of events in cell leading to its duplication that produced daughter cells. Mitosis: it"s (cid:374)u(cid:272)lea(cid:396) di(cid:448)isio(cid:374) (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h p(cid:396)odu(cid:272)es 2 ide(cid:374)ti(cid:272)al daughte(cid:396) (cid:272)ells. Chromosome: structure of nucleic acids & proteins found in nucleus of living cells which carry genetic information in the form of genes. Each chromosome is made of dna tightly coiled around proteins called histones that supports its structure. Females have 2 x-chromosomes & males have an x & y chromosome. Haploid: cell has half the number of chromones. Diploid: organism is composed of diploid cells. They have one set of chromosomes from each parent. Sister chromatids: it"s of the dupli(cid:272)ated (cid:272)h(cid:396)o(cid:373)oso(cid:373)es. They are identical copies of chromosomes that are held together by centromere. During anaphase, each pair of sister chromatid is separate into 2 identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by structures called mitotic spindles.

Related Questions

M2A1 Worksheet: Mitosis and Meiosis

A dog is a diploid organisms and has 39 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 78), where n = 39 chromosomes from each parent. Use this example to answer the following question regarding chromosomal number.

INTERPHASE

How many chromosomes are present in the somatic cell?

What do they look like?

What are they âdoingâ in G1 of this phase?

What is happening in the S phase?

What is happening in the G2 phase?

What follows G2 phase in a somatic cell?

What follows G2 phase in a gamete cell?

MITOSIS

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in the daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in the daughter cell.

How many daughter cells are produced?

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid?

How many cell divisions take place?

In what type of cell does this division occur?

Meiosis 1:

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis 1?

Meiosis II:

Number of chromosomes in the âparentâ cell (which is a daughter cell from Meiosis I).

Number of chromatids in the âparentâ cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis II?

Which phase or phases of Meiosis account for the genetic variability among the daughter cells? Howâ¦ what happens in this phase to create the diversity?

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosisâ¦..

How many daughter cells result from Mitosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

How many daughter cells result from Meiosis? Are they diploid or Haploid?

Cell structures and function: Match each organelle to its function:

Organelle Function

Lysosome 1. Lipid synthesis

Rough ER 2. Houses DNA

Nucleus 3. Energy extraction

Smooth ER 4. Dismantles debris

Golgi apparatus 5. detoxification

Mitochondria 6. Protein synthesis

Peroxisome 7. Processes secretions

What is the function of checkpoint proteins in the cell cycle?

How can all of a personâs cells contain exactly the same genetic material, yet specialize as bone cells, nerve cells, muscle cells and connective tissues?

What are the 3 primary germ layers?

Briefly, in one or two sentences, distinguish between

a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell

interphase and mitosis

mitosis and apoptosis

an autosome and a sex chromosome

homologous pair of chromosomes and a sister chromatid

centromere and centriole

chromosome and chromatid

monozygotic and dizygotic twins

allele and gene

Determine whether the following applies to mitosis, meiosis, orboth; also identify the specific stage of cell division thatapplies (e.g. mitosis prophase, meiosis anaphase II, etc)

1) chromosomes pairs line up across the center of the cell

2) sister chromatids seperate

3) spindle fibers separate homologous chromosomes

4) 4 haploid daughter cells are produced

5) a cell 1st undergoes DNA replication

6) chromosomes line up single file across the middle of thecell

7) sister chromatids separate from each other

8) 2 haploid daughter cells form

9) the nuclear membrane re forms

10) spindle fibers attach to pairs of homologous chromosomes

11) the nuclear membrane begins to dissolve

12) centrosomes duplicate

13) synapsis and crossing over occurs

14) 2 diploid daughter cells form

turquoiseporpoise808

Match the term with its correct definition or explanation.

Chromatin

Homologous Chromosomes

Sister chromatids

Diploid

Interphase

S Phase

Synapsis

Crossing Over

Cell Plate

Cleavage Furrow

A. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis I.

B. The pairing or tight association of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I. Results in the formation of a tetrad.

C. Non-identical copies of the same chromosome. Present in all diploid cells, even before replication. These chromosomes are the same length and contain genes for the same characteristics, but may have different alleles for each gene. D.

The period of the cell cycle that includes G1, S phase, and G2. E. A structure that develops during cytokinesis in plants.

F. Condensed chromosomes.

G. An invagination that develops during cytokinesis in animal cells.

H. When an organism has two copies of every chromosome (2n).

I. Two identical copies of a chromosome. These are only present after DNA replication.

J. The phase of the cell cycle when DNA is replicated.

BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Sister Chromatids, Cleavage Furrow, Chromosome Segregation

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cell Plate, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

BIOL 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Senescence, Cyclin B, Prokaryote

BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Sister Chromatids, Nuclear Membrane, Centrosome

Related Questions